
С 

 


ãã֮УĳƫƧĽ䡣ֻ̣һżϨ̫ 
ΧǼѸɿݵǡ 

ţԣߴ˴͸԰׾ϵӽǣǿԿһ 
״̬еɴڸʲô 

 

 

˼ǿ빦ˡιߣ԰ףܷϵͳ򿪺 
ˣ 

˦𣿡 

ӦӦðɣɶ񣬾Ȼ׷ôң󸱣ʧ 

ǵģ֮ǰĽսҷ΢ãԱУˡ 
һڣ֮ǰԾʱһЩʧˡ 

ĸ֣ 

ãװϷֻǸ 

ʲô棿ǽɽկɽկãʲôֵǮʧ󣡡 

ˣصѲߴ׷ˣ 

ʲôȺ겻ɢļһ棬ˣ 

ǣ 

ǰ˽ţǣأغؼ˽ӣԣأأأص壬 
رͶǾҪˣ 

䣡 

쵰Ѿ˰ɣ 

 





ġ 

ҺãҾƪǡԣģ۲ۣͯۡУ 
˫ίһͨͨĴѧ̡ȾơǡֺУΨһ 
еرĸ˰õģϲһЩֹֺ˵ûûõ 
ؼղءҾּһȤĶһֻǶˮͱ 
ʯ֪ļҲģǺô¡Ҳر𣬲ǽҲ 
ܽľͷӲմ滹Ų֪ĸɫĻơ 

Ȼֻ֪ʲôЩι״ʯͷͲ֪ 
ĻֻѾмֵһղƷˡԽԽϲ֮ 
£ҾŰֻԼһȻ󣬾У٣С˵﷢ 
ҧˣһڣҧҵĶϣҧҵľϣȻһ 
ҵԴ˳ 

 

֪ʲôһ֮ͨͣ˺һĴɢ 
һһλСĸҲ㰲ʱ 

ལԿɡӭʹõߴСϷֻϷս 
һ壬ԽҰĶﲶ׽ֻĳռڣͨչˡѵָ 
Ϊһ޶ĳС顣׽ķôֻĿӴ 
ͬʱ˵(ȣɣأɣ)Ҫ򿪳ռǶֻ˵顮̵ѡ 
ɣָԿѡниġ⣬ΪϷǰһû 
͵Ϸһݣ䣫䣭䣫 
䣭ҩݣ䣫䣭ҩݣ 
䣻ҩݣһͷܶȣ㣻Էҩ 
ݣһͷӶȣ㣬ڵڲաôȫ 
һĳСΪĿ꣬ɣ 

ͣˣԴһӲôණԼһӱ 
͵ˡĶٶһ仰 

УӣϷɣ˾ƷϷʱ⣬սȨ 
ɱ˾У 

žԽ뵱״̬˼ܡ˼ܣ 

ˡˣ 

ʱ˰Ѿʧȥ˼ϰߺͱܵĲ»λ 
ƵߵſڣһԭСվ⡣ 

ˣ磬Сඡ 

ϰ߳Ȼͷ˵ˣСȣɣأɣϣȡ 

磡 

ףףСأסǼҸꣶ꣬ķ۷ۣһ 
裬ǼСȵȥˣ 

һ̼ʵ̫󣬸֮·ԭĴԻָ˼ 
ոСԴĴֻ֣ѵСıץֻ 

ҿ˿ܣû˿Ļ˿ɲý͡æ 
ţصԼķ۴ܲܰСȱſڿ϶Ǹʵĺ 
ط 

֮ǰǸ˵ģҶ̵ֻѡ̵ѡ̵ѡ 

ֻϵıʯһߣҵǰ۳һĻĻʾ 
һϷƵĻ棬š״̬ߡ趨ѡмʾ 
һũׯ԰ĵطũһССӰվﲻ֪Ķ 
Сȡ 

ûãСûʧֻҪֻŪˡҿ˵ 
ĳٻķţԭˡϷƵͦ 
еģ򵥻˵飬ǰҴæˡ 

ʵ˵ʱҿϹԹԵֱӰСȷųĻӦҲͲк 
鷢ˡô˵أ˰ɣּϸʶĶҾ̲סҪȥ 
ڼôԲǵ⣬ټ֮ǰ˵һ 
ںĵʹ̲סˡߡһŸӵĵһȻһ 
붼ûǣô˵أϷϰˣҵ˫ 
㿪˴򿪺ڵһǸߡ 
ܡҲšòӦþǡ䣫ҩˡһǵһǣΪ 
˻ûٶģæ˵˵İСٻ˳ 

磡 

һŮƾճҵĴϣϹŵĲϵƬϡС֮ǰǼ 
ϵƬûΪǰĲǸ۷۵С򣬶һ 
꣬С߰˷ƣֻżŮһҵŮ 
 

۰ơί磡 

ûзȷʵӦþСˡ 

Сһ߿ޣһ˹ΪͻȻ˵Եʣû 
ƺԼһʱеӦҶʱС˵˵ϡ 
ʹ͸еһĶѹҵϣһɵĵȴޱζҵ 
ǿ˽æ۾һֻһƬããѩɽޱķۺ 
ɫҵǰزšڷӦʲôһ˲䣬Ҿ͸еһҵ 
С𣬶ʱɵһĿڸ 

ί磬ССȺúѽ 

СȵĿæԼ˻ʲô 
СȴƿǴֻ֮һƬ˿Ҫ⻬ȲҪ 
֡Ҳ᲻ƿҪڻϸϸĸò 
ԣ¶ʱܵһ롣 

Сȣ㡢ȥ 

о˫е㲻̫Լ˵æСȴ뿪Ϊ 
һӱ仯̫Сû취ԼĶûܴ 
뿪Ťһʱֻܸ֮оϡϣӦ 
ƽ̹ϸĸо̵ͦĸо⻬޳ĸоǵʱԽ 
ԽϸԽԽϸֻʣһϸϸ˿ǿ赲Ĵǰ 

ССȡ 

ۼʣһԣŬҪ˵Щʲô뵽Ҫ˵ʲô֮ǰС 
ֻһ£һѹǰһڵͬʱֻһĶҵ 
Ｗ˽˴һͻõҵϡڴԷӦʲô 
֮ǰҵͷѾܵȥ 

ţ 

СȵһҵڳױˡҴһ͵ĽСȷѹ 
ȥκסһ鷿ͬʱһֻҲץסһߵ鷿ʣһֻǲ 
ͣ£̰ظС塣 

ί硭ʲôѽͣСȡġġ 
֡Сȱáѽ 

СȵĲûͣ£Ҹһ¿ӣͦ 
ӲСȴδʹùСѨ͵˽ȥ 

 

СȵһʹУҵһůխⶴȻΪǰϷ 
ԵʣⶴɰͰ͵ģû취˳ĽʱѾ˲ôˡ 
Ϊƹ֮ʹСѨҵĥۣЩʹ̼Ҹ 
ӵ˷ܡСѹ£εͰֻһζĲͦ 
˺ܾúܾãƺֻһ˲䣬ҸеһѾҲ޷͡ 
Ҵһȫһѹȥ뵽Ȼһк 
ע 





ġ 

ڻعʱСȻѹ¡Ѿƣ˯ȥ 
ʹۡ崦޵ĺɫ֤˸ոձҶȥĴࡣڰ 
ȫйСڣָֻǵңˣ׼飬òǲѽ 
ŪþͿֱӳԻ˵˵ 

׻˵˫Сҽͷö֪ʱһ 
ɥӰ 

˶ˣ 

ˣСȵĸΰСˡô죿ô죿ô죿 
ҲԻѽ 

ΣͷҵسȼգС߸Сڰ˸ȫ 
ѣ뵽һ취廹ϵˣֻǳ⣬ҲҪ 
ֻ 

ȰѻԲѵСջصֻ棬ȻԼ·ãһ 
ĴˡȻûлʬѾ˼˽ַ 
ʲôˡȻһ±飬װһµ˴ſڡ 

ΰ̣ãʲô𣿡 

ίпǼС𣿡 

ŶС棬Ǹղһء 

ȥġ 

õģɡ 

ΰ֮̽һţһֻ֣ΰ̵ļ 
ϡ 

 

磡 

һΰϵıץֻæţϺȻصԼķ 
Ϸ棬ȻũֶһӰæ򿪵 
ߡûָģֻдӴõġҩ͡Է 
ҩˣ 

ƿҩӦʹһƿأ˵ҩӦ 
ӳеġܶȡԷҩӡӶȡġ 
ܶȡ͡Ӷȡܲʲôãʵ˵⿴˵ʵûס 
ȥѡˡԷҩΪӡȡܡƺοһЩ 
еĻҲҩһȥ׼ 
Ҳǵ;ĩ·˱ˮһսҲû취ˡ 

ʹҩٻΰûлҶٵʱ䣬ٻΰȫϣ 
Թ 

Ļ쵰ղô£Сʲô 

ΰŭ˹ 

ͣͣ£ֹͣ 

û׼ֻüһͱΰ˵˴ϡ˵ʵ 
ʱҵĺȫֻһֱܵΪԼû취϶Լþʲô 
һܵĺзӳԶԶԤеЧѾ˵ڴϵΰû 
вȡκκĶֻſҵһ 

ɱǧ֣ʲôΪʲôҲܶˣ㾿ʲôҷſ 
ҪԱҪǹӣ 

ŭֹΰ̣ԼԼе׵ƿԷҩ 
ңʹ˵죡 

ǣ磬徻ˡΰĹԹԱֻͣһ˫۾ŭ 
ҡһγȥվã 

ΰһηˣ뿪˻صذϣվһԣֻ 
۾Ȼȼŭ 

ʵ˵ʱӦôԽͱԽ¨ӲŶԡ֮ǰΰ 
˵ʱȻֻм֣ʱܵķˡ 
վǰģһСȸӳԸеŮˡңһֻҪ 
һӵŮˣѾ˽⵽Ů֮˵ʵһ޷ 
ܵջֻһ˲䣬Ҹոշһε 

ΰ̣ڻȫҵ𣿡 

ǵģˣĸԷ˵κ 

Ŷղֻʶѣû뵽ΰ̾ȻĻشˡֿ 
ƽʱΰ̣оʲô˽ΰڣĻشƵġ 
ڵһ㶼飬֮뵽һǳõĵӣ 

ΰ̣ҵκⶼʵûκĻش 
𣿡 

ǵģˣ 

ܺãôһ⣬Դɷֺ֮𣿡 

ûСһζûУ 

ãΰ̹Ȼҹ۲һһܽ԰ĺŮˣ 

ôڶ⣬֮ôйأο𣿡 

ǵģοһΡ 

ŶһΣһݶֲһΣ˵ΰ̹Ȼܴ 
ôΰοӣʵ˵һеأã 

ôΰ̣Ҫƽʱһοҿ 

ǵģˡ 

ţΰ̲ûֱӿʼο·ţΪƽʱο 
ʱѵ·İɣΪ˲Ū·ҲãŮҲһܵ˵ 
˵ΰҲصĹͷأ·ȹɫģ 
ֺڿ㶼ûκλֻлܵĿʽʵȤȣ 
ΰ̵ȴʵǻ˼㡣ԲĶסҡεѩ飬ˮ 
˵ķΣԼߵӳ֮ԵøϤķƽ̹СŨ 
ĺɭֱ֣ǶԸʵ֡ΰ˫һ߽Լ׵鷿 
ɸҵ״һ߷ֿԼḧŪǳѪⶹʱ 
ҲѪڰɡ֮ǰСϷйĻѾ̲סȥ 
˰ɡȻͦͷͽʪѨԿΰ̵屻Լ൱ 
ΰȴһ߳ܵĺ޲ȥʹ飬ᶼˡ 
ʵ˵ֱļȷԼѩ鷿ϵΣֻᷴǿ 
ѡôһһ¡ 

ΰ̣ǰɷʱһʲôλأ 

Ůµλ 

ȻأΰͳŮˣŸûλĻɡ 

ôΰ̣ʲôϲҪԵλ𣿡 

ûС 

ͳŮ˾㲻ãһȤ˵ΰ̱أ 
ûϵҵԷ 

ΰ̣Ҫңᣬ߳ܵλһأ 

ǣλ 

Ӱܺúܺã 

ôΰ̣Ҫϰſڴϣ°˫ȷֿ˫ִӺǿ 
ƨ֭Ѩ֪𣿡 

Ϊ˸õؼΰ̵߳ģҿü׵Ļ´ 

ǵģˡ 

Ȼΰ̵ıԽʹ߳ܣҲҵʩŰԽǣһһ 
Ҫ˿ӡΰʹ߳ܣȻȫ׵ķ 
ſҵĴϰڳǰ붼ûơſڴ 
ƨɵʵ޿Ҳ̣ͳҵǰһ붴 

ˬ 

ȻûСȵѨôգΪ֮ǰ˳ֵ׼ΰ̵Ѩ 
ʪȣҵ˳ĽڻԶļѹŪҵ 
Ҽֱˬ찡 

ôΰ̣ҵĴѨĸоѽǲǸ 
ио 

ʹ࣬һԼȻһоû 
С 

ǵģˡұ˸ɵĺио 

˴ӱһĸɾȻҲиоΰǱ̬ 
Ҳ䵱ҿԺҸɴɫĸˣǲǰɫĸ 

òõĻҲʵĻش𲻺áǲǣôԷ 
Ȼֻܻش 

ǵģˡɫĸ 

Լ߳ܵƴӱɣԼﻹ˵ܵĻ 
ԼԼ˵ʸ񣬽Լͳһֻ¼Դͳ 
޷ܵľӦϣĻȣ 
嶼ȾɫƵĺ÷ѨҵĲٸ֭ˮɽϸĻ 
֣۾Ѿ֮ǰķŭʹ࣬Ǹӻǵɫʡ 

ɵץסֻ鷿ϰӴ̧Ӻ治 
롢룬ùͷײеӹ󺰵 

ΰ̣ĸɫĸҪ侫ˣӹ㻳 
һСĸȻһ˸ɣ׼𣿸һаɣ 





β 

һں 

ڴϣһȥʮŮ˳ҵ 
Ͻ塣һƣʮ塢Ůſҵϣ 
곤С״ͬ鷿ѹҵĶϣͷŪҺ곤Ů˽ 
ĵط 

곤Ů˾ΰ̣ڵɫĸһ֮ҵ 
˷ӡڹ˾ԼͥԭΪɴǵ˹ݺʶΪ 
ҡȻûаȥطڳվͱսֻ 
ʧӴ˳Ϊҵ˽˳κҪ 

ΪõΪҷʹһ䣭ҩˣƤ 
Ķ֮ǰӵСѨҲ֮ǰӵĽպСҵĽ£ 
Ѹٵѧ˸ƺͼɣΪǶʤһ飬齻ӵ 
ŵƣҺüһСľϺ鷿ϡ״ 
ɫָж覵ѩβȫΪҵ˽˳ĵ 
Ϊĸſ˰ȻֿһΣȴоޱ 
ϰޱaΪġ 

˵ζãСĸţСѨʪϡﻩˣ 
ˣ裬͸øСĸСѨŶ 

ˣҵһֻ˽˳ԭСȣڵСĸĸ 
ͬѾȫԼһֻֻΪҶڵĺɫĸˡ 

һҽĹͣһָֻͨġܡ͡ 
ֵҲûѾȷˣܡֵӰǾֵԽ߳ 
˾Խ׽ΣһΪ˿Ǻжָıԭ˸Ϊ 
Բ˾̫Ҳųﲢһᰴȥӡ 
ӰǾֵԽ߳Խѷ˵ 

ҲΪСĸľСԵʣֵúܿ죬Ѿ˫ 
˫ˣ.෴֮ǰɫĸǿҵķģġܡʼ 
޷ûйϵӡȱֵϵô 
Ȼķ´ÿһڸؽ֮ǰԼ೦ǶŮ 
гִеķǳס 

ĸĸҪȥˣĸ˵Ĵɵˣ 

ںʱҪҵдָҲɵĺܺá 

ϧٹְֺҪ飲лˣʱû취 
ֻгˡҪһʵܴŮѲˡҺ 
ѾѡǴѧУУأزƷĴС㡣һġͷ 

ݶ޿ޣԸΪܶ꣬ٷܶĺŮˡ 

Ȼ۹һܸߣҶҲûʲôõӡ󡣲ûϵǿšҩ 

Ӧûıϲҵģ
