ĸ֮Һ͸ͰѼװһ£˵ҼʵҲ,¥¥¼ķҲ٣Ҹһ˾ռ,¥Һ鷿¥С,Ҳֵܵķһӳ

ǰŵ֣켰Ӱ豸ж,һ䷿ֺͼͥӰԺ֮һ䷿Ҳ,ǾͰ켰Ӱ豸ᵽ¥¿ҡ鷿ӳճ,һЩ򵥵ļҾߣרѧ,һĸˡ

ǲΪҪշ⣬һĿġ 

䷿ﶼһЩ豸,ҵĴʲôˡٿ֮ǰͰѳĺ쵥,ž͵Ϲˡ



ݳ⣨Ůѧ

סˣֳɼҾߣ

Ǣ·֡š¥

磺 

һѧúĸӣѧֵ,һͰѷҳҪѺѺһ壨һ䷿,ĸ׾ͲǺܸ˵Ĵˡ

֮Ͷûˣе־ɥ

쵽ʱ绰,ҳȥӵ绰һѧҪⷿb,ģҲ˹,ҸһңҲûʧ˷ִ硣

ҺԼ,ߵҪӣҵȻһڴӦ

ǳ˷Ļϲĵ

ֻ崿ɰ,񻣬аԾ,ǺһģȻ,ˤȲ裬ʼ̸ӵ⡣

һʼǾе㻳ɣһ䷿ֻ,ҪŮѧ̸ǿ,ʹ˽ҪշӣҴ翪ѧҲҪס,һֻʣһˣġ

žʹȥ,ǽס鷿ĽǼ䣬һŵ˴һ,Ҳпյ¥µĺ̨ϴ»¥³⻹һԡңгãֻס¥ϣ¥ϻһԡ豸ڼҾ߶ֳɵģž⡣

ղߣҲҪʲôҲһЩӣ۽ܸߣǴˡ

òһλü׳˶ĸӣְǿ

ǶԷӺ⣬˷ֻʣ¥ϵһ䣬˵Ҵ翪ѧҲҪסޣ¥ϾֻһˣһĿշ¥»ѧ⣬ǲž

Ůлһרһѧ

ֻʣǼ˫˷ˣϵģ˫˷ȥ

ãûˣѾרͬͬѧԼҪסһܿɰһά飬һ壬䷿ȥˡ

쿪ѧǰ죬ǵĶ½ذ˽ҲǷԿףÿ䶼ųûбݣҪǺúղء

ѧǰһϣĸڼƥôһһʶ˰ҩһȺˣҲûʲôģҳԳԺȺһı˴ˣһ˵˾͸Իطˡ

ʱ죬ͷͷб˴˵Ĺˡ

Կ״ǣǶ˯ڴϡ

ǲûַǣʱװóǵķﶼװӵضϵͳһм¼ԼӲǵһһ

ʱǰ¼İʾݲ˳ĳ˯ɫκ˵ͻ״̬һжͻѹǊһ£ֻһΡ

ʮ㣬Ǿͽǡ

˯ʱǾͶ˵

ǳĺãÿ˶˴״̬һξĸūأ

磬ųѧУҰ˰壬ȴûš

ǴŻûҿ߽л˼ûڼҰ治֪ŮǶȥˡ

Ҫ¥ȥͻȻ䣬¥µԡﴫ˶϶

ĵ߽ԡңϸһ֪˭ϴ裬Ҿվ⣬ȫȡ

룺ǶҴ߹ˣ˭Ƕһ̲סذУѸ⣬æñԿ״򿪣ʧȥǵس˽ȥͷ

ԡ崿ˣԷԡ衣

ѽһΪſվŵǸˣ

ֻ˫ۣ˫ëأɫ͸죺㡭Ҫʲôµʡ

ҲûлشߣȺ㡭㡭ȥ

ЦŶ˵Ҫһְѽ

ȵĺ졭ȥȻҪˣ

ЦŶ˵Ҵţʲô豸ã豸һأ

˵㡭𡭡ĺܺ£оͿǿҵظܵ

Ҷ˵£һúϧģһ˵һ§סһھķء

һʱ֮ܵҵĹŵò֪Ǻãȫֱ

ץ˫֣˵ʵӦ뵽˵ȻҪкôѽ

ͣ鷿ɫͷͦ͹ţһţס֣ҪҪѽ㲻ѽϵİţȴǿĿС

һֱ鷿֣˫𹵼Ѩ˵СѨУָʳָͣˣ΢ţˮ

ţͣƺеʧˣֻ΢ţҲҪԡϳԿܽš

ҷſ˫֣ѹϣ˫ִǰҪӣࡢҧҵ鷿Ƹ־壬ͣŤš

ҸеֱǣҲӼ١

ҴʱѾԴĹĺУȵ촽ţһ˫ħʹظѹš

һͷһɦŪţͣĲţصֿҵĴϣָͷ˳ϸ¸ŪӲӲͻСˡ

ͣĿţţѽ԰Сͣҡͷĵ

ҵȻֻȻ㴽ͷĴţߵĺ촽΢ҵͷֱ룬ûһұ˱ţؿĴ

ֿڲõֱ𣬴ӷ۾Σĥ涸šȻǰϸ߷壬ڷ嶥һ˳¹ʥ

ȫСһ㣬ͣŤţڶҵĹơӭҵİ

ʱдһ˿ϣϿҵַϸ˫Ƚš

Ҽӽһںס̼šţһָֻһ⣬šţʣһֻ˫ȼŪˣšŪʹȫ꣬һһ鴤Ҫѽ޺ţϢһͷںڳ㷢ͷҰĿ̲סϵŤƨɡ

ҵָø٣ָ΢΢¡ɽнĸӣĴָͣĴ̼еˣӴŮǳۺɫڿʪĹ

ѩ׵ƨҲҡţȻǲ˵ϣʵѾ˷Ӧ

Ҽľǰء鹵۵򸧡ĥţͣŤŽ仹΢ؽţظȴԶͦˣ˫нʹҵָͷиɵĻռ䡣

ͣĿšҪҪˡܲˡ㡭ҪˣĿ޽صԡ֮Уġ

ҲѾסѹƽڵϣſ߾٣ס΢΢ſѨڣƨһǱǡѪ׳Ĵ㼷Ѩڡ

ȡͣѽมʹҧʹ

ҿ˵ش飬Ҳسţһ˫ָѹ˫飬ͣѽͣѽ޽ţ˫ֽңҪԼʹࡣ

һһµӭҵָֻҵĺԣסҵͷʹҸݡٵز

ҵֱײģݵѨĥת˫ֽ۵Сƨɣסදʹš

˵ţôɣǷ˼㣿ʹѽشˮ͵һͦҲˣȾһһййϣסؼš 㡢ᡢûӣˬ̫ˡ̫ˣ鷿޵

˵ءءǿǿңδȫƽϢʹš

Զ˵ĻҵСףҸߊɣҲ늅ոձҸɵǹɧ˾񼢿ʵҪˣҲɊҲȥұɊİɣ˵㲻Ҫ˵ˣѽ߿Ҫˡѽһ˵һƿң˵ԡҵǽߣ˫ŽŲڵϣ˫ֽػأϵĿȥѽȥѽ˵ţոյıֺܰϣҸһɣҿԿǲķϣҡͷ޵ĸˣ㲻Ҫ˵ˡѽѽٲҪоˣðɣҶҪץˣǡһغΣваڣǶ㣡ҴаЦ˵Ļ

ͻ״ˣû뵽޾ȻҪһΡæرȥץסķ۱ۣҵĴϡ

ҪɫǡҪƴŤšֵغš

һ֮Уǿ˴ʱ̬Ŷ˵Ҳᡭоģ󡭡ҰɣЦЦ˵ˡΨ֮ҲֻжɊΣъöס졣Ȼþ֪ˣҿɾûٴˡ

İɣҺоģõĽˣҾͰъɱȥŵ˵šֵָһӣ룬ŪĿǻͷץ۵ӣϵࡢ

ߺߵţҰѸղδɫҪȫйϡҵһסֻëףȺСѨ

ԸߣȱͻַۡҪŵؽе

Ҫ£ҲẦġһ㣬ÊԺ󊅻ᳳŶҪأһȰ˵һѹס˫֣ȵķ

ֻѾӲͦͷʺεǰŮϸ۶ɷɫѨڵëûкܶ࣬ŨܵظС·

ҵ쿪ʼȫļ鷿ͷĴŮǽ͹ˡۺ۵϶еĵطҶŹȫŤš

ҸоԽԽߣʱˣֿ壬һ˫Ȳÿأ˫ֽţȻһ׼Ѩ͵ؾ͸˰ءʹʹࡡʹĺʹпţһСͻЩˮ󻬡һĺ

ҲҪʹܲˡŹҰɣ졭ʹʹѽƵƵʹһĲұ㻺ԸеشڸˮȻһݣ͵ص˸ȫûȫŤлš

ҽҪҶŵԽԽףҲݵԽԽҳʮ֮󣬽ҵļҲľоҵʹһС

һ飬ˮ˲٣ʹҵĴ͵ø˳ˡӲͦһһٵظСѨšššŶŶŶʹߺߵĸı䣬ʹҸ籩͸СѨҲһͦϸ۵СƨɣӭҵĴҳ޷˽УֻСߡñʾĸܣƨɲСѨŴ

ҵ¶ı飬ϸ΢΢鷿ҲϵͦҪ¸ȫͬʱͣͷꡣ

ҵֱŪСѨ˫ӲͦĴͷ˫飬һǿΣ˵⡣ҺأӽϵسţСѨҲ֮µĶŪӭҵ͡

ûãҺѹѽֻŤӶ˫ȳйڶͷһ˿˿ľҺ˳ҿ˷ܵÿ쭵ؼ͹ֱйй

СѨһˮ弤ڵĽиУҲյ̲סŨҺٴﵽ˸߳㣡СѨ˱ҵ̬йѸУʹ۵˯һԣڴϡ

ԼƣƺĹұ¥µԡңϴӣҾͶ˵ǸոյһУֱҵŻᾪѹһжһΣˡ

ԡҵţ·ţֻ֪Լԡ˯һأԸе֣ʣµŮôûлأ˰˵ʱŻˡ

ҿܾȣŻֱӽԼķ䡣

ʴ磺ôһأаЦ˵ҾͺͻҪֻ룬һ¿ҾԼڵͳԷٽߴϱඣıһˣţʣﲻؼңҪ滨Ǯش˵ֻԿûдŮϹݣҪǸʲôζʣ˭ˣ˵ά廹û˵ѾרˣͬѧһȥʱȽ϶ҲӦõģȻﵽⷿӣ⵹ҲǣֶԴ˵ҪСѡ

ɻʣΪʲô˵⻹򵥣ҪǣҪѲǵһǺԼɱҹѻ᲻ʶģţΣգǸô죿ҡ˵ҸʱʿоôҪ֡Ц˵̫ˣϲ

ֶ˵ԺǺҪǳԱҩҪˣǻǾ鷳ˡ

ţ֪ˣⲻ뵽ˣҪȻͷ˵˵ҾҪˣЩŲҵ£ԺĩŻҲܲˡҲԥͣ˵ˡ

׷ǲҲһ޶ԣ֮ǰҩҲŮ˶Բԣ˼˵㷢ˣ˵ۣ磬ܲ˼Үֺ¶˵м˭˵һͬѧһھӵŮ˵пռǵôܵ˵ã



 



Ȼص˼ңҵŵһŮˡ

Űתһ壬ңãĹţǰһһѱҪ壬鷿

һͣƿңţ㡭Ҫʲô

岻ͣˣڱӵסˣץסӵԱߣȻסұߵ鷿ȻƷ֣ĸоֱӡ

ҪſҡѽޡҪ尧ţӲɵ˳ֱסĴȣٷŵɳš

ھмæͼҰ˻ȥּ·ŷ鷿ȹµĴȡ

ʱ¶ѣҲ

ס֡ѽޡ㡭Ҫ㲻

ƿϵ֣쵽ǰ˫Ʒ˺ťһһŵطɳ¶˳ͦε鷿Ϊζš

ֱֲһһ鷿˳·ֱ͵Ľ¸ˡ

ס鷿ȥ캬סұ߷ۺɫͷ

ѽüͷһ΢΢˲㲻Ҫϻģ尧˵

Ҷ˵УôԸе壬ҵѾӲˡ

ҵͷͣͷȫȻһȣһɵ̴ĸλԼķԽԽ

ۿĳ±ֱϣԲϸµļͷͱҵŪ·ˣֻ彥

ҷԼͷµСͷǲ¶һ˿Ц˳زƽ̹Сȥ˫ͬʱסУȹȹoһƣӳ˿ǿ㣬ֽС˿£ԼԼԿ¡һźɫ

ҷֿĴȣؿǿһƬԵʪۣһճ 

壬ѾʪҮҿҪˡ

ҵ촽˵ĵطһŮζӿ֭̽͸˿ҵ

ѽҪҪҪﲻԣн˫ȣ֮ǰҵͷѾѨˡ

ͼƿҵͷǵҵͷڿɵŪʱ־ȻԽԽֻоͷһһ״޷ֹⱼӿ

ѽͷͣػζţһĨν¶գ쵽Լҧסĸָ䣬ֽץӵıԵ

ޡѽöŷңҵĳѡ

ʱ˿ǿڲӿҺĽѾʪһƬԽ͸ؿĲλ

Ҳ಻סԼ͵壬Ҽٵؽ⿪ţпڿ㣬ǰͦһŽ״̬ĻָҵĿ䡣

һһԸеģҰֲ嵽ұǿץסɽϲ

ѽҪ

˻һֻһǿұ߱˺ѷߵĴȣסߴ˿뿪˿䣬ĳҺһ˿ȻϿ

סǿĲಿһǿ˳Ȼϣ¶ҵǰ̫ܵҲϡٵë΢΢¡£ʺ챻ӿҺ÷ˡ

ǰ§Ĵһ£Լǰһ㣬ĦţҷԼ˶ĹͷѾ촦ұסοסսԼβļ⣬ͷ컺塭 

ޡѽʹ

ҸеһĤס˹ͷǰɵ̿塭ǴŮʪȵ͵һ͡ 

ްѽ巢һıֻ°һյ˫ȻŵΪʹһţԭڽϵǿ˳Ʒ˳ȥ

ʱҲûмųͣҪúøһ±խСסĸоͬʱҲڸӦʱ䡣

ҰγֳֻһĨѪ˿Һ˳

ĴŮʱˣٴǰһͣȻݺݵؿʼ

ޡѽޡޡѽѽѽСҡСˡޡѽ

ҵĳͣҵغҲͣײΣҲӦҵĳͻζţһ鷿Ӱһҡڣ˫ֽ߬Ժأ˫΢գüͷ壬촽Ժм

岻ӿҺҵëŪһƬʪ

ִխ֮ľĥ̼ŶڵǱ 

ʱʶѾȫһһ˵ĿûԼǱѹǿ飬ֻҵĳҵؽš

һ̵ԼҵĻ˶ǷתĻԭʼܱˡ

ͻȻһͷٴһܵһֻͦоȫҪƵľ˼£Ӻзһţޡѽһɼҵȥ

ҵĹͷܵһůȵĸأ֪Ѿ߳ˣǿҵĸ߳ʹѾ̧ƨɸ߸ͦѩ׵һ󣬵ڵϣѩ׵ɺ΢΢

ĺҸеǿҵ˷ܣޡޡҵǿ

ҰԼ֪ԼɶϣҷǳһıĽǶתͬʱָŪͷѨֿʼ䶯ڽزס

ҵϣϵؽƨ̧ѩ׵Ĳ鹵ϣѨĽλ÷Ħˮ鷿ͣҡԭխСɳڣڳˮڰΧ

ҿȻǱǿ飬ǿԿ飬ҡƨʱȫѨʱ廹תƨѨĥţͲ˷ܡ

ǿ侫ĳ嶯һһسţҵϣͷƨҲϵ̧̧¡

Ҳʼҵĳ壬¶ҵı飬ҡͷʱڷŷ裬˫ץס˫ȣָڡ

ÿһʱ˫͸ҡҲŷɢҳٶȼӿ죬ҲֿʼϣҪˡҲˡͬʱߵľżǰ¡

ʱǿϣȫ΢΢޷뿪˵壬ҲʧʱѾõľҺӹе̵ҺԼӹڱڡ 

Ϣһᣬҿ˿һԵ壬ֻڵϣҡҡͷ߹ȥ壬΢Ц壬Ҫϳˡ˵ҶȻվҵҡ

ұסȫ壬ﲻסֻڳһִֻסĴȣȻСƵıסһֻıԼǰ

ֵʱ䵽ˣ壬һΰɣҽ˫ȷֿ˽ҵĹͷ͵ǰһͦûխڣͬʱ

ֽȻַ£ҵĶҵϡҺ˳ҵܿͰѶ˵ëŪһͿʱذǰһͣǰһ㣬ֱ㱾ܵسҵļԡ

ѾضҲڲͣҵǴʱѾԽԽãϢҲأסζ鷿šҸоԼЩӦˣվͷϷǾ޴ϲͣĻѽΡ

ץס㷢ɵ۾ñͷתǿɰСѹϡ

ΪԼ˸̾Ϊûܾҵȣĵᡣ

xǼ䣬ŵһȵζ̲סתѽŵüһ׹ʱѾץסſڵһxͽСҼӲ뵽Ż¸Уš

ҵĿǻŰţÿζ嵽ĺͷջֻÿһǿҵɬζϲԼҺѪաҵľҺ

ҵĳҲϼ٣¶ʹı飬ÿβ嵽ʱԼغײ촽Ŀж쳣˷ܡ

ͷԼ¶һ˿ЦʱѾѳֲסͻȻе鷿͵ذһͦĿŨһɰɫճҺԼĿ˳źߡ

ֻоһɹɹ̵Һ岻ͣԼС

ҰһߣУ£ӱ⿪ֱֱۣͷƹּ˳ۻϡ

㡭㡭Ҫʲôʡһһ˵ͻˣ֣ٴǰץס㷢ʹȻԼδȫµĥһͿһ㾫Һ

岻ҵͼֻܴҰŪ

ߵҰƵڵϣƿУȹԲβԼ

มķ羰Ҹ̾

ֻһƬʪһ״ⶴһѣһɻϵҺҵϡ

Ű㡭ʲôЦŽеҺСѨһĨѽ㡭۾һҪӺٸһΡ

ҪҪҪ޺ţͼֱԼ˿ֽסһôͽ͡

ҷΣͷĿϣһͦѽеԼСѨƺҪƵģҵʹʹᡣ

ȻҺ󻬣һǸе˾޴ҲĿ޺ǰƽֱûڣȻس塣

ѽŶޡ屻ײʶţ˳ŰϣǲľҺҲ

ʱҿһ棬˷ӦžžžײصڷС

˫ȼнҵ£ֱӭӸ߳ٵƣҵͺһֿĲ롣

Ҳƨɵҡı䷽ʽƨһ׶Ѩĳ壬̧ƨʱҾ˫ֱסƨɣ룬ȻֱѨϷŪ

มÿһζʹ嶼ʹͿֻһİԹ

ҲԼнƨɵļ⣬ͦѨΪӦ

ʧԼΪӿĿûʱ俼ԼӦֻܱܵӦ˵ĳ塣

һȫ漴ӲǿҸ߳ϮĴԣȫϵĲ

ҷһͳĺУһͦŨ

صǰһѹ£ҲͬʱҺɢİҺϡ

ŨҵľҺζҳޱȵζУҳ֮廹ǲܶĶֻڰؿʰһ£Ҷ˵ǸոյһУһжһΣˣڊȴ·ٻطɡ

صſڣҲŶ˵

һ£תͷңн𣿡

ҡҡͷͽ˷䡣ֻҺĸҽҪ˵廹ƤʣǲҪǷ⣿ǿɲϣ

˵ˡʱ˵ǽ״̬עµָǶūԺǊǵˣҪ£ǶΌܣȥǊǵ񡣣ظһ

ǶūԺǊǵˣҪ£ǶΌܣȥǊǵ

˹ҷһӣ˵ԺҪŰ࣬ǰȫڵҪ͸ǴҳԣʣµҪϴ˯ԼҪȡҡûУ

ǲԼͬ˵ǣҵͷʾ˵ѵľֻ֡ά麦ߵľ֣˵ûзϵ

ɬҡҡͷ˵ûС˵ܺãǊʱ˰ɡ

ά˵Щʲôȴû˵ǡ˵ʊΪʲô˵ϲĲǱ˾ˡ

ά˵ǡ֮Ҿͺʱ䣬ֶ˵Ҫʽʼˡ
