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ۣ辶ġʥŮĸסиС
ˣdragon2004

adamschungƪʥŮĸסΪеһ⣬Ա׾ӵıʣʵҺ۶ּҵһƪаɡ
ɫѧռһϯ֮أһֱѧԼߵϲȻơڶĵ߸ԴͳµսöĶʱѪŵĿСˣƷˡΪҶҡд׵ĳ̼԰˫ȴעǺܶĵͨһƪıضע˫еĽĵĿ̻ʹ״ﵽһˮɵĹ̡Ϊ˳˸ָʽеĸΪΪеΪֶΣø壻ҲеԱΪͻƿڣ飬תﵽĿꡣ
ƪʥŮĸסȴ辶ڶĸ׵ڴϣһرķ˫˸˵˫˸񲢲Ǽ򵥵ĵڶ˸񣬶ǵһа꣬еС˵ĶᡣλʥŮĸ׵ĵ̣ȫλȨ˽СλʥŮĸףԼԼ˸߳˫а£նСУΪĸףԼӵ˫ָŪձַﵽ߳ǿҵܸ߳мͻƽɵĴ̼ΪӣȻ걻ָоڣɼĶĸһδεַУŷеͬʱҲøУָоļռĸ׵ͷ뵽ҲΪߵֶİоһĸ˵ĵ˵İ˳ͻơ
˵ʱˣ˸ĵǳڷչ˸߳ѾָʶĶӣΪĸ뵽ȴѾǣԸʹ˷λ߹ĸסͨѧ˫޹ԼַʹĸһεЭմϺϾ׵ʵͨǵ˸תʹĸ׵ˮɵĴɣö޴̼ɫдУȻĽʵκͻأĸо
ڽеӦýӽβˣ߱ʷһתȴߴһӹأһص̵ǳһԸŮħŮҲӿ֡ǰµһЩʣҲʹö߶ԽĹڳڴͺñѾһĻ֮еˣŻҽһչŷһӺΰ׳Ļչǰ
⣬ÿ½ڵĺԶԹڵķչ֮ĻҲܺͨĻΪߣܸ˽ڵķչĶȤΪߣڶĻظУҲҵСһֻݵĻٴ룬Ӧܵƹ㣡
ϾǱ˶ⲿʥŮĸסһ룬ˮƽޣִĵľʣҶƪ¸ȤĻĶԭģ


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ħŵѾʦΧˣۿڶʦʦǣ˵ˣҵһĴʹƽʱʹҵʦܷ㣬ѪУδҴС浽ǣѾ֪ʲôʱʮ۾ŲʺͱڴǱߣòˡ
кܶܶʦʦ㣬ǻǱһ˿ϣԡѪսϣԼѪȡʦŲħиˡ
ȻűʹͷߺޣǣȴһԵôΪΪȻʦʦĶӣһˣǲзϵķϣͲϰ䣬ֻҪڵľһתͻȫ鴤ԣԹһǿתɲʮ룬һѪڵϣ֮󻹴£֮ĸҲˡ
˵ҵĸĸǿֵƮһŵİɱؼŻҪȡˣʹûһʱ䣬û֪ʦкδֻ֪֮ȻһдСֵ֡ľΪǺš
׵Ϊ˺ֱɱһʮ֮ˣʱٸƶΪ̰ʹޣֺ£ʱ޿̲ڷԸ׺ʿӵΪ˼Ǳһһܡ
ҵѩ֥Ϊʱʿ𾴵ʥŮիϯӣʦǵʢĳҦɣƻ£Ȼµ͵ȻΪ̣ΪիʥŮϯӣȫ̳Ҧĳ۳ֵ͢ĴС£ֻҪѩֳ֥ˣȻѻȨס
իһֱһĵĹ涨ÿһ˶ü˸ΪഫֻҪз˴֮һΪа˳תƵԷϣ˶ͷҪȢիΪˣΪիһǶһŮǿˣ书Ϊǰ塣
ңΪ书ĹϵիŶǰŮߵҦȻʮȻһʮٸȻիŶǱ赵ģҲҵײܳΪŵҪء
իʥŮǲ֪ΪʲôȻһĹǣ֮о޽еģϲҦòֳ׵ʣʿرħΪ֮
Ҧмˣһɴ״ϣȻòһ룬ȴһӵжصĹǣ׵ÿһԵ˵ջ󣬼ʥŮݣŲɿܵС
νĹǣ˵һŮ˾һһһջԵϢ˼ŮԣԺֻʣˣУϡ
׻ܲ˵Σģǰ·ŵİ壬һˮ߰Сһ˫޳ʵȣɴȹְ֣˲׽ȴĹǵʣҲѹΪʲôһٳԽ֮ǰţΪիʷƯĴˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô׽ϵģʵǺܲϲģ׶˵һĳ͵ģ֮Ĺ£Ҳеͯɫʡ
׵һκ͸ʱһ߸ϵʥŮʱիһЩŮɽϵоһֱల£ɾһϣԺȻһЩͳĽǺܿ죬һıڵϵȻֹ֮һЩƷɢڵص
ףŶѩ֥ܵľţеľ飬ƿ˷š
бǴԺʱֻһҹµվڴԺм䣬һѪˣǸվڵˣֱҲǱᴩˣڵѪɫԿĿӥѩ֥Ӱһ˿졣
ʲôˣһŮˣδ֪ǵѣ˲ûǰ˼ֻվԭأóһˡ
ѩ֥峺⣬˵һ˿⣬󷽵鲽˵һѩ׵ˣֹѪɣ
ܵѩ֥еϺʵڶŮ᲻һֵĵ⣬˵һлˣӹͰڼԱߣѪڹӿ֮϶ҪȰѼγ
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Ϊʲô˻ܵˣѩ֥Ȼʣǲ֪֪Լоģ֮ǰ֪ж˽šѧԼʽ顣
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ǡƢķҩζ˫ü˲չԵúӣӦʮɢҩիеġիŮˡе㾪ǵòʣիˣѵǸɴġ
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Ȼѩ֥ǸоԼǻȵĿ⣬Ȼתͷֻ˵ĿתĿԼ²ɵôŭԼİˣ벻˾ȻôĻӣʵںòҪ
ѩ֥Ƿŭɫ֪ԼʧˣһĮԼȻʧǣʵͻˡ
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һֱѩ֥Ѽֱ۴γʱһֻΪʧѪ࣬еѣΣܿǻָˡ
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իָˣԴ׺ǶһҾҲûκիˡ
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ֹʱħ˵Ľ𽥼һ㣬׼ϢˣЩÿ굽ʱ֣ǱϢ
ײɵðһմѪĳߵҸǰ
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½ӢµĿһֻۣһ䣬ʱһ㴫˹ֻ׽һҪţ֮ұ㲻ʡˡ
ȻлոպһҲЩʱĵ˵ϡ
½Ӣ˻֣ħǰҺ׷ֱ̧ȥˣ½ӢЦһĸǰ
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ǰӰȥ٣û֪ʲôʱģֻվȺ棬վڸ̨ˣҲŮˣʲôʱ飬УǷ绪ò
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ѩ֥һ˿ΣôֳˣԼЦأɸ飬ⲻȥԼݵӴͬڵ·Ǻ̫Լܵһ˿ů
֥֥Ҧ̨䣬ó˼еѩ֥æ̧ͷԭԼվһݽжˡ
ٿǸˣ֪ʲôʱѾˣӦǺ˰ɣǻþѩ֥ҡҡͷЩ˼Ķ֮Ժݽ




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ħŵ˽ҺʦŵһһӾֱӰжˡ
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Ǹ½½ӢһĹЦĿⲻϷ׳毺õΣַˣ벻½ӢҲƷ˰
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½ӢȻЦǰƵĴ׵°ַͣˣмǲ֪ɣλѾڹκˣٺ١
׿ʼʱҪ½ӢĴ֣κԼȫֻţ˺棬½ӢĻĴ۾ţҡͷƺǲϢ
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ѩ֥˵ĶʱĽУ̧ƹϵʹܿ㱻ȡϵҲǻΪж޷ƵĿˮ

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׵Ҷ𣬿ǣȴƲԼ壬׵һͷţһ첼һȻѹ׵Ľ






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ҡĿĻ棬ǿˣңҲƿĿ⣨ȻҲƲʵ͵Ķﰡ벻׵龹Ȼ˵ѹСʱǰˣ
ס̡һдίͲʣҪŤáҡַʥԼܶһֻ֣ɡҡĿⲻӼԼ
һҡڻعˣЦһһӰͷ׵ĺ֮䣬еζ
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ҡŴͣеһ㣬ʱֻסһһŨٴɢٴζˡ
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˵գһȷ漴һɴȹʱ׵Ĺȱչҵǰ
׵Ĺɽ鷺ģϡëѱʪŸ΢΢Ŀţƺ֪µ˻ȥ
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ˣ׵ĻģҳĵطףʽˣҪѱŽʥˣ
׽խڽذҵˬҼҪˣңѾ׵Ļ棬һСС̰ҵĹͷţҪĶƵġ






һ㡭ʹʹٽȥˡ㡭
룬׵Ľ˲ҽ޴ҳԶԶѨĿɳߴ磬ֹؽ׵Ѩϵ󣬶ײ֪ΪʹǿУϵϷŰۣҲһҺ
ҡû׵ĲҽУԹԵǰƽ棬ҲΪǿҵĿжǰԼ׵ʵɿһﲻϵʩ
޴ÿһ磬׵Ľһ֣ʵѾ뵽׵ӹˣȻһ棬ʱҡȻһֻ͡һ¶ѨһȻȫȥˡ
ʹƴķŰۣ˲³һѪۿҪιȥɲ֪ҡʩʲôȻھʹ֮һֱѣ
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ҡȫԺ󣬱ͣЦʥŮˣ㲻õģӵܿͻޱȿеˣ˵գ°׵һ˫˶ޱȵ飬ݺݵ
׵дһαŪʧֻһͣܿˣѨľһֱûг鶯Ļع
šһڴ׵Ŀ´˳ղǲƴʹҪȥˣдȻŪţĸо㺹ĽɵŤһ˺ѰʹѾȥˣȡ֮һ޷ĿС
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ҽѹϣػĸĿУ׵ĽɢŨһ˫˶ޱȵľܵҵ֮ϣһ˫ĿŨŨһҪҵĻǶȥƵġ
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״ߣյ㡭޳ܣ˵ţԹԵҪߵ¹ǰѰº㣬ѩ׵Ľںɫɴȹ֣ʤգ






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˿΢΢ĽţȻĹ֮岻õĻǴʧȥˮҲЧذ취
ֻҡ˿ӣѼӲ׵ΪľܣֻľȻΪҡпڽȻҪҵȻȫȥǲܵģԣѾˣȻһصľ档
׵ĿڽȻ׾ʥŮĿڽɲ˭ܵģٵǿ϶ûܹΪ׵ļʵ̫ˣܶζ棬ʹáҡ죬ȻǰҺ׵ĶȥЩҺȵϸղšҡ׾˱ˣ˸
Сӵ֮ʵǿĹǵö󣬶ĸӣŹ϶ûѪԵϵǿö࣡׳Ա˾ҺҡһΪ˯ȥ״ñɴһ
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ڶһ磬һֱȵϢġҡо춯ʱ۾ԭˡ
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Ȼ࣬ɴʱȴ˫ĿҡֻǵĿˡҡһۣתͷȥˡ
ҡӺ׵§סֻе׵Ľһ漴Ѿú˳ˣ׵ıɴȹ˵ϣҡӺ׳֭Ļĳ鶯
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ҡҲ̲סˣ˫׽׵磬׵ӣĿȻϣɡҡƵڴϣ漴ҡѹȥ
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׿ֱĿ⣬ֻǡҡ˯ҪһΣֻ̾һɡҡҪ̫áʦỳɵġ˵ţȻĴ˱ӣ¶׻塣
ףڹѵѾǰĶѵǸ˵
ʵ̲סˣ׽ߵ̬Ҳϣѹס漴һҶȻѾ׽ʮˣǲҵʶʱֻܣûýȥˣֻϣܿȥ
š׽һʥѾ΢΢ſţԵһ£ҵľһ㡭šôһ㡭
ʵ׽һ˫ĿĿң֪ѹԼϵԼѾָĶӣֻǸˡ
ʵ̫ˣԼֻʶϵĸоȫ£ûа취ģ̫ˣ׵ʥÿһνȥôխûΪҴִľſֽŵĴʵֶ
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һ㡭ʹš˫Ŀһѩ޳Ƚҵ䣬һ˫ѩź§סҵĲӣʵβʱ̧ӭҵĳײ
žžײڶÿһײܴ׵ĽֻϵѾ¶ˣ֮ǰľ鿴׿Ҫ߳ˡ
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Ҳͺ侫Ŀ˲ҵԺȫһƬհף
Ȼ΢΢ϵĿ˲ŵĿңܸ߳ж˲ˣ㡭ҵĺ
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׺ܿ㷴Ӧˣһ޳ȺȻ˴󴲣Ҳ˴ɴɴѨľҺˣܻ˵㡭ﰡ㡭㾹Ȼ
ҶʱɵɵĿǰףΪʲôΪʲôһȿɶ飿ҼֱޣȻѹԼѰ
׵ĴҪƿӣҾͲѹȥԣĴٵôпУΪĶӶ߿ң֮ǰĲҵѾ˻֣ھȻ߿
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УǰŮѾʱǸ߹ׯʥŮĸˣڵֻһҸеǣѨﻹҵĻ֣ھȻҺ
ոҪ󻶣һȫ֮ǰһֱڸԼĶһȸ߳
˵侲˵˾ɷŮˣ⼸챻ҲٵôˬھȻװ崿㲻Ҫˣ֮ǰһֱڸ˵ţվ
׵ĿŷŭȷԼĹǵӣһֱĴңΪԼĶӱ˿ţѣڣȻѹˣɾȻѹԼʩܺ߷һӳԴ
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һץס׵֣§˵ڲҵĶ֣ף㣬֪쿴ҿ³лǶôѾǺǸʥŮĸˣֻҵĽ϶Ҫ壬ѹã
ƴҪҵĻԺǼȵŤʵûа취ԼӶʩ
ţǸ˵ѵĽ϶Ҳеˣң뿪ҵľǲ룡˵ţһѽƵڴϣ漴ѹȥ
ſҡױѹסȻҰ̧ͷľһѻѨĳ
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ٶȽҵĳ־ԵرãҲϵر任Ÿƣںݺײ׻ĵŮʽٴڵĻ֡
ײᣬһ˾ȻԼĺǣܹ߳߳ܣڸ߳ԺŽҵľ
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ףֺοأһ߰㷢һ˵ֻңĺܿڵĹǣո㲻Ǹ߳𣿷ſɣȫȫغҽϣ
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׵ĽȻĲţ뵽ʮˣּһôĹ⾰ʵڲ󣬡㡭Ҫɱ㡭ҪȫĵҵĻ
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ĺѹϴŴ侫ĿС
ãҲŴϷһ̾ϢףޱȣȫһӵŮˡ˵ţһù׵ıɴȹϣѾӦǿȵĽˣǸ˵ǵ˫ģ
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֪׿϶ҦɶҵĻڲҿ϶Ǹ˵ĻǲģҵȥˣµԸҪǵҲδظҸ˵ġ
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߻ãһ֮£ǸıӰҸΪѣϸҡţǰһٿرǽʵķΣһŤһŤģղùʽȥʱѩ׵ļҵƴһƬӦû۰ɣ
ԭʱѾȥʱˣֻҦͷŵؽʦţܶõĵطݣЩ⾰Ҳ꣬ط޲ǣȴڵˡ
ҦҺ׳üһ£漴첽ǰ׵󣬰ӣյĶߣ˵֥ȥˣעһݣ㿴㡭ôˣ
Ҧ˵䣬ֻԭѾ̱ϣԭ׸ոΪ߳ڶдֱҦӰ죬ϾֶˣȫٴɢŨҪ˵Ҧײߵ˶ᵽ
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Ҧ֪׸ղŷʲô飬ΪĹ֮Ե޹ʷҾʦģҲ֪ν׵ĹǷ
ĵ˵ͷĿƳһᷢĹǷǣҦȴΪ׵˼Ҷôȥ⣬ʱĿͶȥ
һŵҡͷ˵ȴ֪˵ʲôźãҦˣ֥ȥϢһ£ҪæˣҰæ˵ţְҵĻߣȥ
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·һ˿ЦղƽϢȥѾ׵ȼˣ˵ͷģҲرһ㣬ñҦɡ
Ҧһ㡱һ죬һۣûȥ
һ۲ˣҦ߹ţȻ˷ֵһ񣬲УһҪõһҪѹ裡
Ȼ䣬Ҳŷ֣ԭ֪䣬ѾǸ˸ıǣôܻЩ飡
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׻صҵʱ׵ĹѾ˼£ѹƣȻĹǿǣͻΪһ˽ϱ㲻ʬ⡣
ſҡҪš
ܿұѹסǵ΢˫ַ֮ϣһ·漴·ģ֪ᷢʲô顣
ǽӹĽһϲ벻ôٴκ׽ϣոһûζأ
ҺܿͳѼӲľЦЦףֻˣȻһѲ׵Ѩ
Ѩ˲䱻Ŵײ˰ۣҺ֮ǰӦ޴󣬿ɻѩźֱ۽§סҵļ飬һձ߳ҹŮ㡣
һĹʼת建ĳ鶯ȻܿܵǹǿĹӭҵĹÿ鶯һ£ڵĹһ˿ĹҲǰ㣬°빦ĸоԭĹǷʱ򽻺ϣЧ
Ŀ΢۹סҵĲӣɫúѨѾʪܵģӹҵľšš
ףдˣҴϲ˫һ޳Χҵ䣬ƴĳ鶯
״ߣҵٶȻӿ죬Ѿ˲Ū̬ˣŶšһ㡭šҪš޳˳ƽزҵĻ
ײԽԽѾȫ㺹죬ƺҲҪĹȫͷųһ㣬ƴĽŴˡ㡭Ҫˡ㡭ޡˡˡ
˲䣬˫ƴϷţͲҺӹҲȻڳһԵģѾ߳ˣңһθ֮߳ǰЩرҡ
Ȼ׵ĽӹסҵľҪ§Ļһ㣬ҵҲǺȻһܶѹסף˫İס׵ʥŮ壬ӭЩʲôһ㡣
һֻеɽ鱩㣬ǿҵĿ˲ҵԴжҪһ㣬Ȼֻеͷһ⴫ʱǲܿư㣬ɾҺžҺȥģڲת
̵ľҺԴԴ׵Ļģͬǣһε侫ûб׵գʵʵڵӹ棬ţΪ˻еļﵽٷ֮ʮϣ
ε侫ûǰǰӹԺ󣬱ͣˣǿҵĿҲιȥЩžҺȥܿصҵڣ֮ģڵһĵĹǴ˵еĹˡ
׺һεĸ߳ϴЦݣȻһ˫ĿĴ򿪡
ĿԣûжĻĸӶ˶ʱһеһ㣬޲ðѶԷڽԼڡ
ܸܵ׵ӹڲϵţȵľҲڲѰԼĿ׼ϡ
š׽һķſӣĿĵĿңã촽Ҫǻˣ֮
´ϲ׵ĹһԷƣڶԷȻģһĹǷʱ˫޽ˣײ֮¾Ȼˣ
Ҳٴ׵ĶӣףҪ׹ԼĶأ˵ţϵ㺹һ֮£ŷ׵㺹Ȼģ
ĵĿһۣҲöвУ˵ţѷµһ˫޳ʵ²ҵ䣬Ȼ󶪸һһЦ׿һŮṴԼĶӵģ˵꣬ྐྵȻ촽
Ҷ׵תһ㶼֣ӵĹ֮ŮˣаŮĲѡǺ˽ϵĶСիʥŮĹһֱǿѹƣⲻ岻ã书Ҳ±롣
һǵĹǱĳһˣǱİǸˣ⵱ȻԼĶӡ
׵ĹһЦº׵ĶӲٴ󣡡
䣬ұٴŮϴϢײһʱ䣬ҽԴ
ףҪҦ
šáʲôʦš㡭ϵĻϰɡˡˡ
ЪҵĻｿţĹѾ׽һʱ䣬ĸԵôŨ⣬Ըֿ
ףҸոո˵顭ʵҦǷֵһۣǸΣʵ̫Ʒһˣ
׽İһۣʦһޱȵŮˣţǲϵġ˵䣬޳ѩ׵ȾȻɨҵĴȡ
žһ׵ķϣŮҪˣУ˵ţ§׵ףʦɧ͵ŮˣҪĻٺ١
׽һһۣȴ䱾ȹסҵĴȣð˱Ů˾ˣ
Ҳ׵СŮ̬Цףǳܲ壬ɣҰ㽻ϲ̵ĵӺò㣿
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ټҦʱѾˣիĵѾ˷ˣֱ׵ٴγ֣ҦͶһ͵Ŀ⡣
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ҦǰҵСӰ㣬Ǿ䡰㡱ͲҰɣ
Ҧϴζֱˣˣܵһޱȵĸˣһ߼ãʵǹˣٺ١
ҦһߺżҳһߴĹǵ飬ǽ˻һֻŽסҦһĴȣűɴȹĦš
Ҧ·δףȻ׷ʳʶ̣һԵֻǰЦţ
ȻСӰ㣬һֻħצҦĴֻǣ֮٣ȴҦ˸ֲñֻܿüһ˵㣬׵ǱȽаɣǲܱģҪסˡ˵ţĸһҦĴȡ
ˣֽʵеԣիţʱĹϵҦĹǼܱһ˴ԵøΪҼҲǸӽʵеԣƷ
ҦߣæҪһֻţȴֲף±˼һСӶ˼ɣֻĬĬš
Ȼ䣬ֻһĴӽżӿϵҲüҦʱѹæؽţ˼еͷΣȸˣԡ˵ţҺ˵ԹԵܳ˷á
ҵľٶһۣ㼱ɫģ˵ʦһŮˣҪõһˣ
ȻͷǣѾһۣҦиȻ⻹׵İæС
ţĵذʹףȻ䣬Ҫܿҵͣǵ뵽ԼĹѾѹԺ󣬱㽿ЦһѶ˹
ףͰﺢɣ˵ţһֻ׵һȣʦ̫ˣúܲˣ
¶һЦݣȻְҰ˫ȼ䣬ȻʪһƬȻٵȰҵּס漴ú׵ʦɲ׶Ը
ԭѶ飬϶ҰҦŪϴȥģЦιС˵˵ţұ뵽ķףǵ˵Ǵɫǡ
ҹĻʹĵģΨҺ׵ҲϻصŴϢͽѾˣ׵·һ̨һ֪ƣڷŤţ˫޵ĹҿԵӦ֣Ȼ϶ᱻʥŮתɵŮ
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ҵĻԸٶһ£һ޳ȻסҵĴȣ׸оҪˡ
§׻ȵĽЦСôô׾ܱѹϴǰôˣ˵ţ׵ķһ¡
׽һ˫Ŀת䣬ŨŨİ¶ţú׺ôûͰ㹴ϴأǷνڵ˺ڡ
Ҳһ°ۣˣôҶе㲻ӦˣϽʥŮ˵ţ׵һȣ·ݸ
һۣûнӹ·ԹԵĸ˱ӣȻ¶һ磬롣
Ͻ棬°§סЦףʱʦŪϴˣǾͿඣ
ͲõĶֵ˵۹סҵĲӣʦͽҰɣڣҪ㣬úõİס˵䣬һֻѾȦסҵľǰŪ
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ҦϺǿգԴܰĳ˷Ժ󣬻ص侹ȻԼ˫ȼһƬȣȻǶˣԷԼͽܵĶӣֱ̫֪ˣҦôܶһСӱаǶô֪ܵ飡իڶǰ
νʮ绢Ҧʮ⾰ŮװѳֲסͣôһòҦôҲϢȫȻȵģ뱻οһ
Уȥҵ÷ˣҦţæ˷ڵһװˮԡͰʱˮΧԼϾ侲ˡ
ЩԽҪȥѹԽһϮ




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׵ĸԺ͸ղҵĿ֮ūγĶԱȣһʱеӦæ׽ס׵֣еִٵ˼׿ҵӣһЦ˲Եô֣Ҳɣ׸ղǸĸԵǲˣ
׿㶵ӣĽЦɵӣϹʲôأ˵ţƤգգ۾Ů֪ǶĹ
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ײɵһ۸ңúܲˣ㻹ҪĻ׾͵ˡ
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ף칻ˣҿЦҡҡͷʵսȣѹˣ׺Ҿʳ֪ζƴԷȡŶѡ
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ǹɾҸ߳٣ҦᵽһŮ˵Ŀ֣ȫ㺹죬þòԸָѨóǹɿĸоֻϮѾʪһƬˣȻеδ
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УҦǿջָҺãεֻһţֻǣ֪Լ뿪ӣȻ϶ٲ֮ء
ڶ峿ʱ֣źȦ޾ɵĴɨʦţѻָʥŮϣֻ۽ǵǹŨŨĴ⻹ǻ֮ȥҦ£ĿⲻʱԶںիݵңȴһεĳζ
ںիŮлҳȻֻԶҦĿ߿þòԸƿдϲǵװûһիŮ˵ЦһҦʵ̲סˣǰ漴һŵЩŮæһʦɢ
Ȼװ̧ͷҦ㣬ˣ
㡱ҦѨÿһ΢죬𻽽ˣûأûָңֻǼ˵㸸أȥˣ˵ţҵԡ
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ҦҸȥ򣬵ҾȻסֱۣҡţȻһܵһ㣬ҦĲ֪ģȻһֲԸſĸо
УһҪ뿪̫ΣˣҦв˵ţǣȴ֪һɷԵȻ뿪뿪Ļĸӱ޿ˣ
ҦôҲ뵽Ĺ֣ҵĶȻ΢ȴΪԭիԳƵٱ
㣡ҵôߣҦɫ΢죬æ§סۣʹյҦĶߣ㣬Ҫǣˣǻͼأ
СѾ㹻ҦдȻֻҦĿѾʪȫĲţһ㹦Ĵ߱ƣҦ·ѾƵٱıԵ
šҪҦҪƿңڻҼ䣬һ׽סҵľǹɼӲҪƿӳһ㣬ĶסҦ֡
ҿѾˣȥѱҦ᲻ᶯŭǽ˻æԲ𣬽Բ𣡡ҲƵ뿪
ҦСĸˣѾ߳е޵ݵǣ徹ȻԾķڳһǹƽϢõѾ˲䱻ȼ
ҦŵýæվҪӻطȥϴʱ
Һ׶µļıҦȻطʱ䣬ҪĿ֮µ߳ܵĸ߳
ҦʱڵڲϵҴܣܲѣʱףҪܿѾˣֻæһ·ޣȥͷϵ㺹ԵǱѡ
ʦﰵЦѣϿһ㶼ûбֳǰȥ
Ҧæӭף˵ͷ˵ͱ״ˣʦôˣҪȥ˰ͽеҪأ
Ҧһ˫ĿҪγˮˣĵĸоҪץƫƫʱֲס°ģ¶һ
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۲תȻԼԼʦǣȴΥ˼ҦյĶߡ
ˣҦ׵Ķ´󾪣ôĸӶϲ˼Ҷ˵İ
Ҫܿ׵Ķһܣ׵һԼĶͷ׵ȵľһ£Ҫ˵㣬ſͣҦĶͷϿٵһ¡
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ǱŵһľҦ§סȴֶ̾εĸҦ߸ϵҲŪڹ֮䣬ھȻĿ֮µ߳ҦǸ߰Ҳһǽ϶ᱻ˲ݻٵġ
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ǹɶ˵ĿֺܿҦѾظƽæɿףһСŮߵ̬Եǰ޵ݡ
ʦ㡭ôˡǲŰ㿴Ҧ·ǰĲԼʦһ㣬ò˵׵ıǾʱ氡
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һҶĥɷԺ˸棬ƽʱֻһĲҶϢʱܰģֲҶڷõʱһɣҪڵа˲ʧңڵܿơ
ҲָҶ˳õҦ壬ֻǸ𲽶ѣҪҦϰֱƵһӦеϺ͸߹




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ȳ԰ɣСӳʱڣԵ㶫ɲСҦ˵漴Ѹݸҡ
ЦǾǿҡҡͷĶԴģͲҪȴˣ
⻰ѣҲ˰ŪҦ˲ͨ죬ԸٺұۣѸŽԼ
ó𣿡̧ͷҦһ˫۾ڴڵҦ˵óԡ֡
ҦҵĻЦŵ˵ͷܺóԣ𣿡
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㡭ôˡšҦ޳ȽĲ£һĦţʱҶþֳˣҦΪûоģղŵĸѾ㹻жˡ
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Ҧйˣڶεĸ߳٣ԼͽܵĶǰիǳ׵Ķˡ
һҦ˲ϵشŴʵزٵţұ˫ȼ֣ǱʪһƬˣԭŮ˵Ŀֲ
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ҵһ٣ҦȻʮ࣬իĹޱȣ׿ȥֻһ껪Ůһ㣬Ҧ˫ʮ껪ͷˣ롰һ㶼մߡ
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Ҧգæ˵ǵģûУûаˡ㻹ûû
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Ҧ˵ұ¶һɬЦݣȥˣҲطϢɡ˵ţһԾ˲ݶʧҹɫ֮С
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׸е⣬Ϊҡᱻ벻ԸΥæѡҡסС첻˵СͲ˵ϡҡΪݺݵš
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ãĸӶ˲ŴлعʱѾȫ̱ڡҡĻˣһ˫ʵʥŮšҡţѩ嶥˵źǸ߸ߵĲĦţӲʱ΢΢һߡ
ҡһֻסߵʥŮ壬ϵţʥŮڡҡϲϵر任״ҡЦ㻹Ϊ򲻣
ŤŽȻǶ鲻ѣ㡭ͻᡭЦ˼ҡ
ҡЦŷſףһ·Ҫһ㣬Ȼʦûˡ




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ֻײĽһ󽫡ҡ§סŨǰѷѬˣ˶ߡҪš˵ţȻԹԵİ̽ǰĸſӰѡҡľס
СŮţǼӲѣĶڿܲҡֻýЦѨˣôѲ
ֻڡҡ˵˼Ķˡҽ˵˵ţѾѽԹԵڡҡı߸߲̺ѾҪƱɴȹˡ
첻ǲáҡ뿪ˣҡֻת˵˫ֺݺץס׵磬ɴȹһѩ׳ĽѾڡҡǰˣ漴ҡѹشϣЦ׵ľҹӣҸʲôͷ
˿Ҳû˵ֻǽЦһ漴ѩ׵ķȣȻ򿪣һξƷӡ
صʥش˿ڲ֭ˣۺɫѨһһϣҡͺһ˫ץס׵ϥǣ˫֮䣬ѲʱľݺݵĴ̽׵Ѩ
ޡô󡭱ô졭׵۽һʹˮÿһҵľ̽Ѩһ˲䶼һ˿Ҫ֮ƵĿУȻѺҽ϶ΣȻе㲻̫Ӧ
ҡЦЦĳ鶯˵㹴Լӣ㹴ԼĶӣ㣬Ŷ׵ѨƵģÿһεĳ鶯ĺҪҵľȥֿʵ
ûҵĻĵͶⳡҵĸӽţѩ޳ķǽĲסҵĻþ취ҪڽڣҡšһСһ㡭šӹˡ
׸ĽдƽʱǱҺңȻĸ׿ǻΪ֮
ҡ׵һ˫飬ҵﲻϵر任Ÿ״Ҳʱһˮʱұȥ˳ҧһ׵ͷ
ⳡ׵ĸ׳˲ʱǱҴҽ˶ԷҺˣԭΪ׾Ȼڵεĸ߳ΪҵĿж˹ȥҡҲֻգײӹ±й˽ȥ̵˯еҲһ
ҡңԹԵĳ棬ԭɫѾˣһЩիĵѾʰŶ׼緹
ҦٻӰҡĴǻû𴲰ɣ뵽Ҧǲ׵ľòͳ壬ҡڱһɧģһҪɵ
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ʦôˣӣ֪ǲأһӶԡҡ˵ʵ֮áҡȥһ£ΪǶҺʦ˵̫໰ֻСҡΪܵܵ˺Ƚǡ
ҡﰵЦʦǶ밮˰ɡ
ȻȥɣҲҪ̫ģûʲôµġ˵ţҡʵ֪֪ʲôʿ
ҵ⣬һƤȽϰŮӿڻشˣǵһĵӣڣоҶţҲǿһȺûļһ֪Ǽ٣
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Ȼһ紵֪ʲôʱǼѾһȫµӰŵ磬ͷҲñڸţӣҲǾı䣬κϮ޵磬ӦһŮˡ
ڿһ˿ڶԷߣҪΪеĻ϶һѲúܵĶ֡
ʱͨ죬Ǻίһ㣬мˣҡæԲЦղֻģˣ
ϮµӰ΢΢һ漴ʦĲµʮ˵ˣ
㡭ǡˡǸĲɵ˵ĻʧæͷǣͼһȲѵիѸʦķ䡣
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˵ĹϰΪܶӶֻԶƤëǵǿĵʹô˵ȹҲǴԪֻаʹһΡ
ȻǽвܹΪҲһܿƱ˼ԵͼĹƵ˻ȫʶҲȱģֹֻھĿ겻ʹãֹѾϲ
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ܿ죬ϮѾֻ̽ѩ֣İסӵñ£ʱһòڡҡǰ
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ҡæǰҪϱ㿪ˣҡֻһһ˵ѩ֥ĺ㡭
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Ҷţҡ֪ǸҦĹϵΣҦԴǵ̬ȿٱȶԴĲǰҪá
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㣬˭Ҧһֻ֣ʵ񣡡˵ţ΢ĵһۡ
Ҧһ죬ҵĴԵúܽţ΢΢һ£漴ָ׼Ҷŷ
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⼸һ׵壬ҡȻֱ̬ĿУ֮ǰҡҪҪ׵幩侫Ļٶȿ϶ӿʮҪϰ˺ϴһ˾ɷô죿⣬ҡĿһ¡

л֮ǰıѾ˲ͬһôʧһռҶϲһ͵ŮأпܻڲúΪĵһŶϣӻԾ룬߻ظɣ




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Ҳ֪ܹûˣֻǰһֻǸΪ˸Ĳɡ
عͷֻĲɲ֪ʲôʱѾ׿ĺۣһɫɴ£ԵóظУŸģɢŸ߹ʣ
ҵۼĿԼĲԵһŭԴӳΪĵԺ󣬴û˸ҶԼᱡĶԼ
һֻĲɵ۾ͻȻһȵ滹Ҫʯ֮޷ңʱҵԴȻһʹϾĲǰ
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յʱ䣬ұѾһ飬ʵܵ˵ǸһѾɢˣֻһ׻ϲ̵һЩĹ
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ƲˣоҦЩ֪룬ּһţ㣬ϲ㡣
šҦĲܷҵĸףһ£һ̱ҵĻšſ㡭š
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㡭ҲҦ˫룬ˮۣˣǾ仰Ҫ˵ˣ
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ʱˣﰵԼ֮ܲҦķѾˣ֮飬Ժðˣ
ðɣҹʧɿҦԭֻһԸˣôõŮˣôܻϲأ˵գҦعұ첽Ҫܳ䣬ҲҦ
ܵܣҦ鼱֮£̬Ľæʩչ׷ңһľٶ
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ûⲻǻþҦȻ§סңһ˫˶ޱȵ鷿Ȼҵı
㣡ҵϲ벻չ֮죡ʵڽϲ⡣

ҷģסǰٷ֮ٲᱻȾָ˴֮ǰĻظҾʵбҪ壬ôǡһ£ϣ֮Ƶ˭ĲɣҦˣпܻΪķչһʣֱӻظɣ




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㣡ҵϲ벻չ֮죡ʵڽϲ⡣
ҪߣҦ૵ҵı˵ĽϵţƺƵٱıԵ
ڣﲻǰѶȥҦ֮ѳҪģֻȽҦķĶߣȻһһ߽ķߣֻһȫϵϵʱõѡ
ϷҪģֻʵû뵽Ҧ˵ܲסգûܵԵĺǻйذɡ
Ҳûתֻǽ׽סҦ§һ˫֣ҲߣҲߣҲߣҾԲ뿪
ҦŻԼ˫˶ޱȵľڽҵĺ󱳣־ޱȵʸ׵϶ûгԹġ
ҦĽŤһ£һ˫ֱһкӽ׽סƺе㲻֪롣
ܿ죬ұ֣ȻѸתһӱҦҵĻڡ
Ҧʱһ벻ٴαкӱڻڣ˿̵ֻһ˿ϲ˵ĺǻ
㡣ĿҦ۾ȻҦķĻһƬңϵӱҵߡ
ܿ죬޿ɱˣΪ̽һֻ֣°ͣᱡĶҪǷƽʱҦԥǰɱ
ڣҦһŮšϲ鼯һȻκηͷ
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󶨣ʹ첻ܶȥҦĴ֮ҲҪȡһϢ
ǣ˳ƾͶҦһ΢΢ӣȥ
̡һҦ׼ҲסľٶҪƿѾȫˣͱҽķסҲκηˡ
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ڳҦͷĽҺˣһ˲䣬Ҧͷ㱻棬׾ηӦǣȻҲһ̣Ϊ˫Ѿҵ䣬İ§ס
ͷϱţĴϢҲԽԽҲûƿҵ˼ˣ෴§סҵԽ
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ͣҦȻһЦǺܿ죬ȴһ˿ϼʮһ»ٸ㣬֣ղʲôᱡ𣿡
Ҵ󾽣벻ҦĵһҪ󣬾Ȼ£һʱ䲻֪λش
Ҧҵľ࣬һۣ㲻㣬еĸᣬѽ㵱˶𣿡
Ҧ˵ãһӾͰҵˣҪҰ㵱ףͱһֻСˣ
Ȼ⻰ֻ룬˵ġ
Ȼǣϲ㰡ô㵱أ˵ţҦһֻ֣Ħš
㣬ҵźòã
ҺȻ֮˵һ쳣󵨵ĻΪ֪ҦɵĽǶѾˣ϶׾ܾҵģǲĶľ֡
ҦߣҪֳȴԼѾȫղŵĽǱ书Ѿ
˳ְҦ§ס˵ĺϲ㣬ǰ֮ϲ
Ҧ츾úܣ޹ǣŮԵϢ
ҦҪƿңԵúߣѾǵҲˣҲɾܾ
ôĺôҦĺѹҼ͸벻鷿Ȼܴôˣؿ϶һԱ
ҲҦһ֣Ļ㣬ҵźòãͬһ⣬ΣȻҪõһ϶Ĵ𰸡
ҦҪ޳ˣԼС˶ʮ꣬ԼˣôܹôƣԼիţܺһ˽ϣǲΪ˵Ц
㡭ſҡ㡭㲻Ҧ˵ֱҺݺסҲҪ񶨵Ĵ𰸣ҦҪģ
ǲͬڸղŵǸΪҵĶҦ˫֮䣬һ߽һҶҦҪٴʧˡ
ԵǣҦ鲻ѣ̱ҵĻҲ֪ԼǱкˣһ˫ĿˮĺۼԵˡ
õܵܡ㡭㡭Ҧһ˵һĵؿҵĿ£ôȻô󣬶һĻҡ
ҷҰԵĿҦ֪ʱһҪչָǿһ棬Ҧʧء
Ҧߣƴҡͷôеģ
֪Ҫǽ첻ܶҦķģһı˾ѶȷˣǣҼ˵ѵ㲻ϲ𣿡
Ҧ˵ͷȴҡҡͷԵô׾ҪҡСҪܿҵĿ⡣
ҦǱƼˣٱܾͻУǣֻý㣬ԲҲٱˡ˵ţɿҦ֪ҲϲҾͺá
Ҧһ£벻һͷŹܹǾԲ׵ġ
ܵܡǸǵܡ㡭˵ţҦȻǰסңܿſˣϲϲܵܡ
ģҾԲ˵ȥģҴϲæҪҦ벻ɵıܿˡ
ҦһСŮ¶һƤЦݣգգ۾ʩչ߳˷䣬ֻһϮǲζһһжʾղҲΡ
󣬸˾ǻصȥˣҦҲԼĵӻȥͷøǸĲɣûԡ
Ҧ֮ǰڲһҵ֣͵ĿУһСһ㣬ûԹ̸˴Ϊ˷ܡ
һ˷ܵһص䣬ҵķ䣬׼׵ģתһ룬黹ûȶ˵Ҳ١
ѻصңһɵչ¶һЦݣӭǰ
ҵĺʲôô˰İֹҵĲϣײһ£ô˵ģ϶ǰʦǸ˰ɣ
׵ŮֱȻʲô鶼Ǹ߹ˡ
ҹ˹׵ıӣЦҵʲôˣ绨˶ڻ˵ţҵһֻѾ׵һȣĸţ˼ȥܱŮ˰
һ˵һİ׵ıɴȹ𣬺ܿ죬һ޳ȱչ¶ҵǰ
ó°ޣ׵Ʒѩף޳þˣĶѡ
ϣ׾ȻʳָҵؿڣУҽΣ

ҶʱƿԣȻ֪ΣգͲҪŪҲϲ¡
ͦżӲѵֻεķ׵ıɴȹĿ޳ȽȹӸϣֻ
ǳԱı飬¶һǳЦ˵ú׺úò㣬Ϊ˹һ°ɣҲǺҪ˵ţҵͷһ·תȥ׼ϴ
Ķβ·ţȻǰȥòҫۡ
ǰ治УǺأ
ϴʱѾѿ¶ѼͦǰȥҡҡλεģܿҵƬ֮϶ȥ
׷һҪת֪һֻֽıסһֻıɴȹֿ޳ˣ
Ҫ׽졭ܸ㡭һ߽һŤŷβⲻǷҿǰ
Ц֪ҲǰģΣҪĺ棡
棿ֵ˵оҵĻȶԼľ֮ϣ˲ѾˣæҡͷСﲻеġףҵڳߴģǰ滹ǺӦҪǰСľţʹ࣬϶ƴ
ˣ¶һаЦݣһڿˮָϣͿ׵ǽխѵľڣ޴ĹͷѾ˾ˣҵƽ޴ޱȵĹͷȻǿаѽխСڶû˾棡
޴Ŀʹ׼ҪȥխľſѾǺʹ飬ھȻҪ볬ߴʹǼμġ
ͣѾˮմʪ㷢˵һ£ܿ͹ȥˡ˵գĽ⿪׵չǰģһƬѩϾļڱ󣬿̺ɽ嶥
׼Ǵſǻ˵ҪȥˡʹγȥءŤŤĻʹֻ࣬ǿʹƴҡͷ
׵ı飬ҲʹڶȥˣҪ˳϶Ṧһֻ˵ֲϱǰ룬ֻˣһ£˵ţǿס׵ƽȥ
أ׵Ȼ˼һεˡ
ĳߴʵ̫ŮʲôʱܹѾȥһˣҪŷʵе᲻á
治һУŮ˵ĿҪ׵ľпˣǽȥ׵£һһ漴ϵļѨÿһµĵѨһ˿棬ֻžžļڵĹѾת뵽׵ڡ
⹦ȻޱȣȻŲһյʱ䣬Ѿת˹оĴִҪܣŷ֣һﴫԼڣñ궯ǿңңոջʹѵľţʹȻȫʧˣ෴ģúԽԽ֮ƣ޲Ǹִȫ
ףˣûо֣Ϊ⹦͹ޱȡ
׵ľ飬ʹ𣿡һϸĵд
Ȼ֣ȻʹˣǾûж룬ֻҡҡͷñҧ´桭Ŷ
һĵߴȻ˼ȫȥ˽խľţ׵ֱİŹͷůޱȣʱҵĿѾסƬˡ
ʹ𣿡ʵҡҡͷŷĵĻ鶯
ҲףӦֹЧԼĸűúǰСѨһ飬Ĳ룬ǰδеġ
һ㡭׽ţһŤŷβžžײ쳹ҡ
ָƴĳ鶯̫ˣխľźǰ˫ͨһֻŸΪխÿ鶯һ¶Ҫһÿһζȫȫ룬ˬޱȵĸоСѨȫͬġ
һ㡭ޡôҪˡġ׺Ȼȫ𳱺죬߳ǰףԵģȻҪ߳ˣ
ȻһҺ׵СѨʧ㣬ȫڵϣγһ̲ˮһϵš
ôˡֻײϵؽдһҺȻεĸ̫߳ˣ
ҺСѨŪضˮ⹦ʵڹ죬ѹֲĹǵŮ˻ܲס
ҾǺĹǣξĸ߳䣬Ҳǲܲˣȫĵϣ󲻶ϵţֻǲʱһȻ۵дûˡ
ֻʣ¡žžײѩ׵βѾײһƬˣ෴һûһ˼ﰵ֣Ҫƽʱǲ˶Źôܼôأͽеˡ
ֹ˺һҲܲˣôôû䡭ޡ
ҲֵòУҵ䰡ȴһ侫ĸоҲ⵽ʲô°
Ҳ֪ڻûҪ㡭ŶҪˡ˵ţ׾Ȼţʱǿһ㣬ں׼֮µľҪ侫
ײ˼ʮ£һӾͰѾȫ˾ŵ
̣¶һޱȵЦݣȫҵľڡ

һ½ڵĵѾˣĺܿΪҽҿյס½ڵĵǣϲʲô͵Ůأ㡢򡢻Ůпܻںֱ֣ӻظлл




ʮ

Ҧշת࣬һ˯ⶼûС
췢̫ޱˣԼ߸ϵիţȻһ˽ǣˣкȻԼͽܵĶӣԼС˽ʮ̫꣬ˡ
ʱҪԼֹ˸еϢľ飬Ҳӵɣ
벻ԼʮŮˣкԺ󣬽ӶʧԼķߣԼû뵽ģǰѹֵ֥᲻ϧһ뿪իڵԼ¾ظ·ɣ
ǸӵǣְԵϢԼ棬ʵ̫ˣޣôֻһ¶
Ҧֲ̽˫ȼǴصĹȣȻȫʪ͸ˣողϴɾӣҪϴ˰ɣ
ֻǣڵҲ벻ǴĹˣ¶ܸоԼѾմ˻ۣոձָĵطھȻޱȣԼһ
ǸСԩҡҡޡˡҦַŽ˲ӿ۵ĹȣĿŶš졭ԺҲҲˡŶ޴ĿвӿҦԴһĴѾĻȫմʪˣӣɴʣҲմĻۣիţǳʧˡ
ǲᱻգΪڵڶʱҳҦÿ춼ҪǰһСɵʱͦżӲ§ס塣
ͻȻַҦ뷴оǹϤϢʱȫر˫ȼǸҼӲ£ȻڲϵĦ˽òˣ
㣡ҰͷҦļϣ㣬˫ֽıס
СԩңҦֺֺЦεŤһ½ŤãһŤ˫ȼ¾ȻǰԼ˽һ硭۸㡭ᣡ
仰ҪǱ϶־ȣ𽭺һȷѪ꣬ΪУЦһֱ߸ϵիţھȻһڴΣҴܶˣԣӦкİ
֪鲻̫֣ɿҦת§ס
ⲻǹֽ̫ˣ𣿡
ҦﲻЦСԩһֱҰɣôڶѻ˵ˣ˳ӵİַҵ䣬أͱˣ˵Щòߣ˵ţҵһ¡
ǵĶҦҲе㲻ףæҪɿȴס
Ҧҵ۾עԼһ죬ʵл𣿿ʲô
ûлشֻ˵㣬㡭˵ţҦȵĿУƬӣٴαժȡס
ҦﲻϵؿЦҦҦ˵˲ģô֡ȴǺ˳ӵݣҵͷһӾ˽ȥ̽ˡ
ҦĺԽԽ٣˫ŵľԽԽţҼҪ͸֮¡
ֻڳһֻҦûӦ֮ǰס飬ٽҵš
˳ץסˣʵǴþˣҵһָֻȫסһһЩҵֱ©鷿ֱƷһ־޴󣬼ֱɱ˵
ô£ҦԺһƬհף鷿ȻҪſޡȻΪʲô
Ҧ鷿Ů˶ûھȻһ˰֣ΪʲôԼҪֹֹŶôôҪҿҪ̲סˡͣ
˼ҹ鷿뵽ҵˣҲǣ벻Ȼʵ
ûͣ¶ҦǣΪҸое鷿ʼûǸ̺һѾ߸ߵĲȻһҦѾ鲻ѣ
žžžž
׼ٽһʱ򣬺Ȼһǵһˡ
ðð벻ҦԼͽﶼŹװһߵ̬أ
ʵǴˣôû뵽ҦĳˣһҪˣûĹʵǶڱˣ
ֻĲɾվڲԶһɫıɴȹǰɫ£͸¶һصУĿƴҪεˡ
ˣĲɵƢҦ쵱϶ҪҦˣ˵ûҪҦիѣ
ֻĲ¶һЦݣ촽˵ʦţҦҿڱҵΪŵɣյĹȻԼͽ͵飡˵ţĲɻǰУߵǰ
Ҫ鱻֪ˣǺǣ룬ǵ³ܾʰɣ
Ҧñݽҧס´벻ĲɾȻԼȴûκΰ취ϾԼիţիȫ֣ȫʢɣ͢ҪիˣҪ´ˣիͻԼˣ
ôǰһҦǰһִֻ󷽵סҦ󣬡Ҳ׼۸㣡
Ҧһ죬ҪѣȴյýģһŷѾȫиˣˣԼѵľͦϧһУˣԼҪʲô
뵽Ҧһֻ֣ҵ֣ʾΡ
ĻֱĲɲ׽ˣֻЦһԹŮǲڱݸҿжమԷޣҦ㲻իţ
Ĳɱȥ˵Ҧұɨسŵ裬˫ˣ˵ţüһðɣǽϵˣ
Ĳ˵꣬ȻӣҪ뿪һھɵҲ֪뿪֮ᷢʲô飬˵իܹŴˣ
ʦ㣡Ҧһ˳
ԭĲɷҦʦ㣬ͲǱҦҪ󣿲ԣҲпҦʦĲɳһЩѡ
ĲҦĽлһ㣬ǰš
˵ĲֻƶѣҪҪߣһٸҦҲסŲҪ
ʦ㣬ҪߣҦǰĲɵ䣬ʦ㡭
žҦû˵ֻ꣬һ϶ʱһɼӡҦǶѪ
Ҳʦ㣡ĲǵԹйϣݺݵĺ޷ҦðǣҪεȥ
æǰҦ˵ȴҦֹסֻúݺݵĵڵĲɣ°Ů˲Ҫ⣬һҪѹڿºݺ裡ԱҦ챻֮衣
ԭڲ֪䣬ҦҲĪİĽڲֻҪӵ˼ˡ
ĲҲʾҲǺݺݵĵһۣûдκεĹΪףڵߣûбҪһ޹ҪСϡ
ҦҡҡͷϣԼѹƵȻ̫ڻһЩĿѣȸղźЩ
Ҧ㲻ǺիţõĵŮҸ㣬Ҫ²ͱơߣ붼Ҫ룬ʱ㲻װúߣ𣿲ҵģǵĽ֮飬ʦұʦţĲ˵ţ͸պԼƵҦ
ĲɵĻҦеԼʱĳ嶯
ȻҦҲûκεĺڣػһΣȻǵʦȻᰮͱԼСʮкȻ᲻һеĺں߷ǣ´ڣ
Ҧͨͨģһ˿޵ķۺ죬ԼȻҲжӵһ죬ϡ
Ĳ˵꣬漴һЦҲתȥ
ĿĻûдﵽ
ĵһ뷨Ȼ֪Ĳɵô϶򵥣ʶô죬ѿһխŮˣô׷ŹܹҦûġ
㵽ôҵ˵漴Ҧһֻ֣ҵ󣬹㲻õģҲܵ˺ġ
⻰˵ʮּᶨʵɵӶ֪Ĳɿ϶֣һ˵Ҫ˺ңҦҲаհұãԣЩײࡣ
ȻҦ΢ſ˵ȴǿкӣõԼôֹ˵ġ
ԶĲͣȻ¶һЦݣ촽ǵĸǺõĽţҾˣֻܻһҪôҪôĲǳǳĿһۣȻ˼ĿҦһۣ
䣬֪ĲɴϷһ㣬һѷذףǵǰ
ҵҪǵ˭
һ仰ȴҼϲҦǻûȥܹΪĵزĲⲽߵãҪذɱҦĳҲˣԼñҪҦذɱңҲûʲôϵĲɵУұͲһҪҦիţһɱ֮ʱĲôôˣ
ϧҵĹֻڴҪڴҲͬĻذ׺ԥȥɱĲˣҪָҦƴҪˣҦɲЩ顣
Ҳ֪ҦôģӦҲûаҪԼĵزɣ
ԥ䣬ֻҦ˵һ䣬ʦ㣬֮飬ΪʲôҪǣ浽ˣѵǾͲܺúõ̸һ𣿡
Ҧˣ֪ĲɵļȴôҲ벻ĲһţҪ֮һ˵
һĲûҦĻԹԵ
ʦ㣬㡭

Ҧ֪Ѿ޷أýһذףһ˲Ѿסˣûж룬ݺݵոջľǴȥ
㣡һ˲ңҦͷԸԼҲԸܵκ˺ΪʲôҾ
ᡱһذӦϣҦȴûֹסȥƣѾϵذ״̽Լš
ãذѾϵʣµһˣֻһĽѣɻǴ̵Ҧһʹ
˭ۼıóѵĲɣҦûӦ£ŭ
ҡȻһ󲨶һӰ֮ܿ䣬ˣ
ˣﰵֻ֣һˣĲɣѵˡ
ֻĲɽһʱȫ·һ˲һ㣬૵˵㡭ˣ
֮ǰĲɾѾ˵Ҫķôģô˵ķҲšаĶ˻
˻ҲҦĻʹ֮һȻҦֻ֪ҦǲիģҲûй뷨
˻ĿһߵĲɣˣǸҦŵģΪʲôҪ飿յĶԹѵͲܷ𣿡
˵ţʰһ˵ذףֻӲذ˲ϻΪһۣһ֣۱ȫɢˡ
̫˰ɣѴ֮㻯ӲذףҪεڹ
Ů˺ֲ֣ǰ˵ʵ
ˣ˻̾һߵĲߣʵ֮ǰںߣҦҵһǣѾˣǴûпҦСŮ̬һõŵµˣҦҲСˣһѳӣѡˣ϶Ϊֵ׳һеˣ
ԩԩ౨ʱˣҦżȻٵ氮Ӧøף˺˻˵ȻҦǰһۣҺøˣҲҺʧ
˻̸Ѿ֪һعˣ˵ĻŮˣ֪˻Ļʲô˼ǰ䣬˵վҦǰ䣬ǹҸղһɲ֮ԥ
˻ûйҵ˼Ϊóֻһʮĺӣû̫Ľ飬һʱ䷴ӦҲʲôϡ£üͷһ˵ϣܺúöԴҦţǵ飬ұ֤е֪
˻ĻͬʥּղŻŵĲûбʾԣȻҲ֪˻˵˵ĻԼҪǷԣǲӰ֮ĸ飬ö˻ʧȥӡ
ˣûɣ˻ĲһۣĲû˵ҲĬˣǼ˵ðɣ߰ɣҦţϼ
˻˱ȭĲɵ֣׼ȥĲɻǺݺݵĵһۣƿ֪ȳʵҲհɣŶ˻һͬʧڿ֮С
뿪ҵһڴȻʲôһ㣬һתİҦ§ڻͷ㷢ϣݺݵϵ㣬ҵĺý㣬ղ֪֪ǶΣգ
ҵĻȫǷģոҦȻΪҶΣգ꣬ʵҸе֮ǰҾȻҦҵİڣʲô˵ˣ
Ҧе㲻֪룬ҵĺ󱳣ɵϣ˵ţһ˫Ĵҵ䣬˵֪˵ˣҪǸոջ㣬᲻ȣҲδ֪֮£ҽзִģ

ԭȻеʧԵģҦǵĻˣҲ֣Ҧ书ôеڳҲ֪Ŷ˸ղԵʱ
ղŵ컣һ궯Ҧǽŵľ飬ѹһĿѣ̲סҪ̽ȥ
ɫǵܵܣҦȻһЦͨץסҵ֣ĽԼ䣬վʹŶҪ
Ҧץסҵ֣ȴ벻ҾȻһѺסĶȫŮ˵дҦҲ⣬ʱޱȣ̱ҵĻȻЧȻǶ˶ޱȵľ飬Ҳһ˲뵽ҵˡ

ڽչñȽϣҲҪߴ٣̵Ҫʱ䡣ܿҪ뽭ˣһ֡Чһظɣлл




ʮ

أҦĿ˲˶ޱȵľһҵУȫþһ㣬ֹҵûˣĿи᲻ֹҵľϹӵء
˰ɣҲǵһˣֻǣҲõˣ
Ҧľĺܼᶨţ൱ᶨû뵽ôһ߸ϵիţھȻһкǵСŮˡ
ǴµĹϵҲܲ׽Ҧе㣬§ҵһ˫־ܿóҵİǣ龰ҵִӿʼ꣬ڷİˣҵԽ˷ҦӲҵģ
ãֻҦ̡һֿӣһ˿ҵҺڿš
Сɫǡý㡭͸㣡Ҧͨ죬Ҫγˮһ㣬ҵĻһ˫޳Ĳţ˿ҪҷſĻ϶
ûκζĶΪҪֵ̫Ļ϶ҦĲ;裬Ļ֮ǰһоȫ׷ˡ
ЦЦЯҦ˺ߣһֻ§ҵĻڣ㡭̫ˡҡһʱ̲ס
⻰ǵҦЦһһֻĦҵĴȣû˵ʱ򣬻
Ҵϲ˼ǵҦһЦһﴫȵĽһһŤǵ궯ѡ
ټȥҾ̲סˣҸ뿪УĵûȣҪǺȻ߿ĻҦֻϷѡ
סΪʲôϷʥŮݡԭôõ¶Ҧ૵˵ţȻ̧ͷĿӣ漴ߵӿҵĿ⣬ҡšҲûʸˡ
Ҧ˵䣬ȻоԼһ˶ޱȵľ鱻ʲôţɵãһ֮£ֻҵĿһСˣߵδµĴһңҪߡ
û˼Ļô׷ҦŮæһְס»صҵĻڣЦˣҪ㶼ûзӦʱ⣿
ҦߣȴһϲӿκŮ˶԰µ֮ǻϲѵģҦҲ⡣
ˡҡҲˡҦһͷȥٿҡ
ҲɵáЦ㲻ҪңҡʵǺϲ㰡ҵһۿʱҾѾİˣҪ㲻ҡ˵ţҦҾʹҡ˵ţһֻѾҦһȡ
ɫǣҦЦĿҵ֣ȴ벻Ȼ˳ƴұӲѵľ֮ϣһĵʹú޷Ҳһҽ
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ġҪ̫ˡеġǣȥ϶ʹɡô졭ô졭ҦԽţĿҶͷѾˡ
ҵı߷棬ּ٣ʹǺʹֻӲˣƭƭҦЩӾУڶͷϵĺ飬ҲùƳģͿҦôˡ
ܶˣ
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ޡ̫ˡҦ׾ַȻǰ֣ǣȴһرȻ˭ȫ־իţҦΪҵľţ
ʵʹһӾ͹ȥˣҦİĦ£Ѿʼ̧ͷļˡ
ҦɲЩ飬ֻжеȵ½δµΪģԽ
ԡҪͣš˵䣬ҿҦĶͷҲǲϸܵĺ飬Ľźϵĺ£ƣ۲ѡ
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ŤһӣһҦֿܻ࡭ĳɳɲáҪ㡭
ôҦȲ̧ͷʵָָֻԼָָͣͣԣԽ˵Ȼˣ㿴˰
ҦĻҲЦŮ̫ˣѲΪһֱĺ
һסЦ⣬ÿɷ˵ͣɾһģû˵飬ΪԺҦ֪˻ᷢѡ
ʲôҦŵĿҡͷôʹıʱԼףɶһ£еΪѵ˵ˣ
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ءҦȻһ£漴ԹĿһۣҵķիžȻΪҿڽЩƵҪ˵ȥ˭Ҳţ
ҦĶҵľĿҲԽԽȻ⣬ãԼƭˣûеԽԽİ
ɹ黳ɣҦûеƣʱͷһ¹ͷҵĴ֣ǲ룬̽Ҧıɴȹ棬¸õİľ飡
һ㡭ŶҪˡ
Ҧ⣬̧ͷһۣʱңʹı飬ֻһˬҲɵϣи϶ƭЩ飡
ôˡҦĶͣҲɵÿҦһֻۣĿᣬɷ˵ľ³ҵľ
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ΪʲôΪʲôҪƭҡҦĿᣬһԼһ߿޵ҡ㾹ȻЩ顭ҡҦ˵ţҪվ̫ãŶѾˣվֵصϡ
ҡûСæҵϿӣ§ҦҡҲԡѿҡ˵ţҼԼһߴһ˵塭Ҳԡ
ҦеܽһЩ׽סҴԼ֣ˡ
ϧҦҲƭ㡭ֻһʱɫġմ˽͡ҡҴˡ
ҵı飬һС鱻ֵӣҦ᲻ңҲСŮˣͱ׻Ҫ󣬶Ҳ֪Լϵʺĸ͵ġ
Ҧҵͷ̾һǽ㣬ҪĹ֮壬Ǿ͡ðɡ˵ˡˡ
ҦףаЦĹ֮壿ˣԺ֪ҵ
һ䣬ʱֻ֣ĲɺͶ˻һһ˴кȻĲɵıûκܴпóֲĵ档
¼ŮǣҦûţ֪ʲôȥˣ¼Ĳɻΰɡ
һ׵ߣղűҦŪòϲ£̲סҪצ׵˫ȼ̽ȥ
ͲҵͼˣץסҪʹ֣Цʲô˶أ˵ţһЩС׵ĺ滹ʹأ˵䣬һĨߺ죬漴ָ
׽촩һ׻ɫɫţֲʧ󷽣ֻɫԽԽһŮˣʥŮ֮屻ʴԽԽ࣬ҵ޺ġ
ЦЦ˵ʲôһϢҿò˶ãҿʦˣ
ҿʦһ£ǺεȴϾˣһ˿⣬һڣûļһʦǱ㡭˵գҵһֱ죬ŽЦɿ֡
ãűˣʱҦŴߵŮ䣬ҵʱ˵Ĳע֮°һֵۣİ۵ý
ҦĵȻĿĵģΪѾˣȻҪ֣˭£˭ħ˵Ϊ˴ħŵ͵ϮʧأζҪһسģ⣬Ҧ֮ǰļ˵ҶǿĺԮ飬ǻڴ󲿶ӵĺ󷽣ɱ֧Ԯ
իפһֵߣģͻ󲿶ӳΪڶ࣬ƾ˭䶼ףǣҦ¸صիžȻȻΪǵˣҶŵȻûΪǵžҦĳߡ
ĲɣԴӶ˻Ժֻ࣬ĳЩʱݺݵĵһҦȴûκιֵľٶԶ˻ҲǾµúܡ
ĹʵǺܷѹ򣬲һʱĹ⾰ھˣһܺΪҦҪʱϣǿԼ뵽󲿶֮УһҪ֪ᳯ͢ʼգЩ飬ֻ͢һ۱һۡ
ʵԲŪôӣΪǵʺ۰ĸɶӣеھͲϸ˵ˣȴͳ͢ĹϵôܣϾɷ֮ǰɷǰǳɱ͢ٵģϵƳˮ𣬻Ϊᣬȴûа취Ҧӣȥ׷ѡ
ֻҪȥʺ󣬲Ҫ˵һħţһٸħҲ飬֮ǰѾҦἰˣҦһܹó͢;ԲҪãΪͳ͢Ĺϵ̫ܵĻͻ˵Ļɣ½ԣʦűΧ飬͢²ԱȻ˽⣬ȴûϱΪǺˮˮĲĹ涨
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ҦܵİͷҵļϣĶ˶СŮ㡣
Ҫȥǵĵӱ𣬲ɽˮҦ˳㷢΢ڶһ磬˵
Ϊһ̵ϧǱٵǰϦԶٳЩӰ˭ֻ֪ٶأ
Ҧûһش𣬲̧ͷĿһ˿飬סҵ֣˵ȥʱ䣬ɲ׼㡭˵ţԹԵͨ죬Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼ˵˵Ļǣڲ˵Ҳ˵ˣֻôκͽĿҵĻش
Һ޲ðҦ§ﰮһȴסˣһͷ§ס˵ʲôҵĶˣЩף
ҵĻҦʱͨ죬ȴúһ㣬Ȼںߵ컷⣬Ȼӿ죬Ҫھ͡
·һôãҦĽȻ˶ҵĻڣºˣǶ˶ޱȵľҵĿ䣡
ܵܡ㡭ҪˡҦһ˵һĲţеĲ׽ҿǾԼμٶȳܿĶľ֮䣬㣬롭ǰ㡭šҪ
Ҧ˵䣬ҵȴʵ̽棬İǰ˵ľ飬˿ֻ̣ҦŮݺݵѹڿ
֪ҪｻϣõֻҦڵĴ֮Ѫ֮һ˷ѣοҦڵĴ֮Ѫڼ֮ҲһֱѾ˼ҪõҪԭ
㡭ҦǶԾޱˬָУò˵Ҧľ飬͸׵ĳһֱһƷ᲻ȥ棡
Ҧ˵ǰ㣬Ҿ֪֮óһʱ䶼ҪΪҸЩʲôﲻԽˡ
Ľ⿪ҺܿѿˣӳҦģһѳɳʱľͦεĶľ֮䡣
⡭ô󡭡Ҧ㶵Ŀžһʱ˵κλ
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ҵִҦ˫˳ڱǰݺݵĵķҵڣΪ֮泩ѣ
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ҪҦ̲סҪгˣ޴Ŀͨҷ˫ȼִסȵʱѾȫˣ⻹ֹεľǶ̴֮ϣһڣһӲ˽ȥ
խĸоҵľΪ֮һҦʶԼ˵˺ҵģֻҵľͣ档
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Ҧһ߰ҵİ취һɵ಻ҵĹͷĸоҺ̲סҪȫȥˡ
һӣҦҲﰵϲֻҪкܿģԼܿˣ
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ҦܹֳľҺڰϴһԴԴϵĴ۴ܿ죬ͷѾȫմˣҲմʪ˴ƬǷ۵ǲ˺һ㾫ҺҪٶˡ
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ҦһЦҡҡͷûʲô͸㡭ֻˡ𣿡
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ƺƵȺˣŵĲٳָֻ徲ֻһСիĵ
һᣬողŰҦߣұȲص䣬ע⣬ңܹǸյĵطˣ䣬ңǰ׺͸ӵߵĵطڣҾͱˡ
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ϴʲô׵֣һ㱻ҴˣĽ˳ˮһ㣬һŨ磬Ҫ
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׿ҵľ࣬Цҵ֣İԼ֮ϣһ㡭˵ţ޳һҴƺµߡ
ѣԽ޲ɷʥŮĸҵ󷢣׵˼Ҵ˿ףҪǸʥŮĽɫݼȴãʥŮ˿ڴϳһŮ
ָһֻ飬ϲϵر任Ÿ״ǸɢĽ˿ҿ²ϵŤţǳʪʱѨϵĦҵϣС
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ҲǽµңȻ˿㺹죬ҲҪԣܵҵؽ뵽ڣʥŮ֮ȻʼʱЩų⣬ѱһŮܿ죬˳˼ˡ
׵ļѨõҵ𹦷
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ҡҡͷ촽Ӷˡ̸ʲô࡭˵ţβԾҡǸӵӹƴҵ
ޡסġӹôˡӹĥҵĹͷҸܵǰδеĿУһӾ˳ƴ׵ӹȥ
Ҳû뵽Լô̵ܵľҺӹʱҪ߳ˣΪУܶʱǲҪѺܶ๦ܰϸ߳
ˡȡš׻С״εĽİҵͷ˿̣ľ鿪ʼ֭ˡ
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вʣ벻Ȼǰ˿Żζֻ߳ǻһҺԵúܡ
ͷжȲ֪ΪκȻҸоܶ˼Ŀס
֪ǲΪĹϵڴϱԽԽǰôҲûĦҵĹͷģ˿̵ĸı䣬Ҹоеİˡ
׵Ѩ˿һЩɫĻģĹˡ
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ں˼֮䣬һԵѾعˣѩ׵Ťһ£굽ҵĻ˶ôˣһ˵һ߻޳ָҵͷһ˫ѩ޳Ⱦ¶ڿУҲɵһڿˮ
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ԼѾ뿪ˣ֪ڹأҲͬݶԼһҪңģ
ҦҲں˼ţЩοƵԽԽˣԼԽԽУǰİһΣʮ죬֮졢졢죬ѾһһˣҦ֪ѾϵĿУ߳ٵһ̣ѾʧӹϵֿУ޷ܵģ˿̵˵弴ǿԱˣ
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ЪֻһĻ˯ȥȴһ˯ⶼûУҪǹܴɣĺÿζֻܴҴҽеȻȻ׻֮ȥڻȴܱһʹడ
׵ֻһɴĽ֣ǲȴôҲ̧ͷˣǰùҲ飬һǺƣˣôҲǰ׷˼˵ȴܺúõɽһʵ̫֪νˣ
һֱƵʱ֣תƳһԽüͷңһֻ֣ҵ䣬˶Ҫ̫ˣܹƿҲǼġ
ƿ԰ôû뵽⣬ǰʱչ̫˳ˣ׾ͿԳƲ谭ڵƿҲȻ֮£˵ҪͻƿҪ
׿ҵüͷչҲһϲ֪ڹԼģƿʧ˷򣬴Ӵһײȴ֪ͻƿܿõĶ

ò˵ֻǴ壬µһдԺŷģû뵽ÿsisյNĵPMʵе㲻ʤ䷳ôٲһҵ裬Ҳԭģ˾̫࣬ؼҺҪ籭ǰЩʱСӣѾ޲һ48Сʱˣʵڲд£ϣҿɲԸԣҲдҲἰ飬ҵȷƿˣҦĲɵʱ뿪ǱȻģϲǵĶ߿ҪԵһˡ
⣬ƪ±ĵƱʣʲô׼ûУʱҲҪдŲˬ˾̫ʵǶԼͶߵĲΣ羲дɫѾ̫ˣµʱдѾдȻѾԹԼɲƪһдЧһҲãϲɫĶϣҲҪңøµʱԲҪǵȡ




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Ǵϻ۹ˣһӾͰΪŪˣڲΪ·յҺٺһЦ§׵޹ǵĽ
ױҶýȴʹĴ֣漴һ۸ң˭ˣòҪֱӣ¼˭ôƤļһ˵ţˮһ㻬ҵӣ˴󴲡
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ҪװһۣʾҲҪ֣漴һֻ׵֣Լѩ档
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˵գٺһЦٶüεĻ֥ͻһ˾ɷĵʱϷ϶Ҫȡģ
ҡͷæպãʱŹĹڵϣһʦʱҲųߵĻΪʲôҪң϶ΪҦô򵥵ģ϶顣
ϼһһ£漴Це˼Сӡ˵գͳһȥƵĶУԺҪҵĻΣұˡ˵ţֺ񲻷ĵĿ˿ڣȷȱֽظҡ




ڶʮ

ϼһȻʲôƵģ˼ЦЦôΪʦûҽܣұ£ɽʿȴΪ˸Сͫ
£ҲЦ˳ӻ硯أΪɽµϷݵϷ
ֻѣû˵˭֪ϼһﾹȻЦиֳС硯Ѿȥʱˡ
ҿܲܲҪ͵ҵ뷨ҿûп˼
ϼһЦ֪Ϊʲôҡͫ𣿡˵գգգûн۾˫۾ΪҴ㣬ȴŸķա
䣬һתģȻĴۿ˳òˣ
ҲҪ³ȻѪܵϣЦÿ˵һοϰˡ˵ţŽҵ۾ܿÿһ˵ģ벻룬ʼʱҾԼ޵ˣǽأҾԶҡ
̾һҶ±ҿԼ£ûѡ
˫۾µĵطԸı˵뷨ҿʼϰ书ϣڽռһϯλҾͻϲˡ
ϼһЩįԽԽֲһ£ԽԽңңеĸǱңǺǡϼһ˶٣˵֮ҿʼǣҽйҵȫȥ
ΪʲôôƫֻҪǸˣûѣֱ˳ӵĻԻ顣

Ȼ׵ֻѾһϮɫɴ·Ѿʮ⣬
ϼһٺһЦ۾װϿնۿû˫۾֥Ѿͷƭˣ
֣Ѳǿ˫۾ô붼룬ֻһֱˡ
ףʲôҳ׵ķȥͷѾãһ֧صľӣϻűܵĳ죬㺹Ķͷ
ҵߣҵһŵ˵ո˵㱻һ׽ˣæϹû°ɣ
˵ϼһ֥Ѿͷ˲ʶң㲻Ҳʶ˰ɣ
׽һλãֻϼһЦӯӯվһɷǵӣ˵Ļ˭Ҳ֪ղŻڸ̽׵Ĺǡ
ߣ׺Ȼæܵϼһǰ˼ôҲ˵һΪú׼һ¡
ϼһԭĲڳǰÿͿãղǳϼһﲻ˰ɣ
һϲԾ亹æһٵЦݡ
һϼһȫûЦЦȻ׵֣֥ѾͷϷҪҦźúþһ£˭ֳ֪ȥˣæҲǲ֪ϷԸ񣬴ϲţֻһ޾Ϳ
Ӧǣְǰ£ߡ
ϼһ˰֣ЦˣոѾˣϷʲ˳ͽܰɡ
׺ȻһôУ˼ҴӲͽȮĹأ
֥ѾͷϼһȻһ棬ǵ飬ң֮ΪͽһȷʵΪ书ҶǣҲΪͽҾͲ֪ܰĽ¶֮ݣ
״󾪣ŵͣ۾ɵôġ
һ죬֮һߣԴѾ޷ָֻܾܵĲܴ̼ǵ飬Ϸʵڡˣͽϼһ֣ȻҶߵ˵ǿžԪ飬㲻Ҫ𣬰ס
϶б°⻰ֻһˣΪֻ׻һãȻУ֪ˡ
ϼһŹһЦɫҲˣȥɣ֥ѾͷϷһСͿˣһҪ徲˵ţͷҲصԹɽȥ
ӦǣҽţһһʣףΪʲô߻ͽأ
һһʮ֮ǰȫסȻԪû˵ֻ˵а취ڵ⣬ȻҰΪʦˡ
׶ʱ˸ҵһ£ʱϼһѾ֪ȥˣټɽͷֻʣǶˡ
Ĵף§ڻ棬ױһҪߣһұ§סһס°͡
׽һ߻ġ
~~~ԶһζЦԶȥ
ҺٺһЦ˼ķſףϼһӵĺ£Եߵˮҷˡ
״ߣͶ뵽ҵĻһ˫§ҵı
˶ͶǵĻˣæְ׽סһֵֻĴȴĵ̽ĽʵԲβ
š׵ıϢҵϣģʱʳָ󶯣Ҫ˿ġ
ЦѵͲΪú𣿡˵գֻβĴѾűɴȹǽʵ޳Ĵȣ׵Ʒһ㣬޳ʵ
ֲʵšҪճҵĻ˵ҪʵǵѾ˵Ѿˡ
ҵǲʵСȴʵúܡҵЦ׵ıɴȹϦ£һȻչҵǰ
š˿һ˫ֱҲ鲻ԽİҵβĻȦȦ·һ㣬ҪͥڵġҪ
ҵĴֲϵظ׵һʵȣҲûţͷ޳ĲػȦ
ٴλعʱıɴȹѾϯӣ˵ϣԼȴһֻСһ˫޳ȽĲ£⣬ȼǸʥȴĴ򿪣·ӭ˹һ㡣
ڡͨһûڻ⽻ϵľ飬ڶ棬Ȼϼһ֪ǵ飬֪һ£һ¡
ҺٺһЦֺȻ׵һ˫ȣԶĴ棬ӣ¾õĵطôԾܾΪء˵ţȻѹʦԶˣ׽ʱˬһ£ȻȥԺˡ
״ߣϼһָߵ̧ͷֻϵдţʱһǳǳĽ
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ҦûԹ˼һ˵ζģÿ϶Ĳɷдĸ֪ĲΪ֮֮ǰԼͽ컵龰ȴǻ֮ȥԽԽŨÿһϣ̲סһ׽Լĺ飬һֻԼĽأй˯
ΪիţҦѾӵĹأ޿ɾҩİһͱСʮˣҾȻΪɫ䣬ûȥˣε鴦ãȥիͰְλȥȥҰһ
Ҫˡ
ĲɺѹֵӲԶҪ˵Ҧͬеĺܶ˶Ľдʿ֮ԱǣŮ̫Ȼз쾭֮£Ĳɼÿ־޴Σʵڹ֣ЩȥѾֹһξĲˣÿ׼ʱ
ǰҦסͿԼˣѾͽܹŮ֮֮µҦȴ̲סҪȥȻûԹŮĽϣӹйĿУÿҪһΡ
ҪˡŶ
ãĲɵͣˣƾҦı£Ȼһָ߳Ĵ˻ľҺĲӹһ
أҦ鲻ԽסԼһֻ飬ǹһһĿĴǵ̺ͻ𲻶ϴԺָоʵ̫ˣѹְ֥ʥŮְλܷҪ
ԽԽУǰҪοʱйھȻֻֻܸ߳յʱ䣬ҦѾѱɴȹȫʪһ䵽ȥ˿˽ԲҦիΪһ̸
Ĳɷ򸾷·Ѿ˯ˣҦҡҡͷ±ɴȹȻ׼õˮУչȥϴϵĺҺͷ
ȫɣ׼úһµʱ򣬴žȻ˴ƿ
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ǸںľԪ飬ƺЧϼһ˵һҰҵķȥԪ飬Щ̲صľԪף׾ȻˣܻƤƣҽϵʱҲøֵ֧侫
ʱҲЩ뷨ҪҪξԪأͷŸϾͱҴˣΪѾЩˣǰ飬粻ʱˮһңͶϵϢŵʱ嵽ҵϣֻͽѵʱ򣬻͵͵ۣȻ̲ס졣
ǰûйԪˣ֪ʮĹǵ׻һʲôŮֻĳңѾ÷ɧȥĲ󣬻ϼһԣһ˾ɷ
ϼһ˵žԪ鱾ǴɫģɫĶڵĹǺȫͷԺֻ±ذɫ˼죬ûǰʲô仯ںģֻûǰҫ۹
׾ڸ߳ʱҲϽһǵ̵òа
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Ҧ󾪣ҪᾢȴôҲ벻һ˿ûУ֪Լ϶ѹˡ
˵˭öȻ˳뻯Լֶûв
Ҧûתһ˿Լһ˿ңתҲûãԼںͳ죬ֻ׸
˭
ҦʵƴѹԼǿҵĲС
˻߽ûлشҦĻӽŲӦһŮˣѵĲɣҦܿͷ뷨ĲȻĳ񶾣Ӳмöر¶ĵֶΡ
Ҧţˣǻϲ̵ڶʮˣղ£ʥ̵֪ҦãϲǰӭӣֶֻЩ⣬ҦŲԸҡղµŮ޸飬ȫ˵ӭӡ
Ҧһϲ̵ˣഫϲ̵书аţҪͨЩ׽ס϶Ҫˣ
ղߵҦһ˫ִҦ¶ˮļϡ
ղ¿ᣬȻ±ۺɫıɴţ۾ƤԲᳬ25ꡣ
ӱȽ޳ңһϮۺɫɴȹϹµ޳ֱ·š
ʲôĿģҦ˵ԴȴڲͣתԼʲôֵ죬ĲɺͶ˻֣ղ¾ӲԼҲûΣգԼڱȣ˵ղ»ɱ֡
ղû˵Ȼѵ£¶ӣѸҦĴľͰ
㡭Ҧһ֪ղº«ʲôҩֻղ㼸ѨҦһܶˡ
ղֽҿɴ¶ľһű߻ףͦıӣҺɫ촽΢΢˵ѩ֥ĵղ±ǴûǴ࣬񴿾ɽȪˮһһʣѩ֥վһò˭իʥŮ϶Ʊõ֧֡
ղºѩֱ֥һһԭʥŮģȴŮһԭŮģȴȥʥŮ˸㲻
Ҧһ£ҲǾ治ѣϲ̵Ĵԣ϶һɫħŮԣǿ϶һֱղ£˵һ䣬Ǹ崿ӾիʥŮҲԺϸ
ǻϲ̵ˣǽƻ֮ڣղ¶ȻҲˣܱԻˣҲ֪ʲô
ұǷ֮㡮롯ؽģ˵ˣҦźѩ֥ǽ֮ѡȻѩ֥ûУֻȰҦȥˡղµ˵һ䣬ȴҦëȻ˭֪ϲ̵Ĺǽϣа̣ǵĽ˵˾Ǳּѡ
ҦҪ⣬ȴղֹҦĪܿ˵ʱұ֤Ҧſ϶ҪȸղŶ淿ĸ˸ġ
ղ˵ţȻ֣ˮлҦдҦֻеַ·ħһ㣬ѸٰѸողϨ𲻾õֻʮ䣬ҦӹѾʼһһɵǿҵ
е¯ҦŲϲ˷ˡղЦϵĶȻûֹͣҦǶԸʵĺ顣
ҪҪˡҦҪƿղ£ȴһֻܶղѾһָֻŽԼصﻺǸδĽؾȻ޳ܵղµָǡ
ˣղЦЦϷ·ųһ㣬аûа취ͻϲŮϵһ𣬡˸ҦţҵĶŶ棬˺СۣǻһģȫǧҪѹŶҪȻģǴ޽ɶûа취ӹŹ
ҦҪ޳ĺԼİɣǸԼ͵ߵİɣԼ
һһҦԺǵֲסεӹľҸ߳صղµϡ




ڶʮһ

ϼһҹҼΣǷԸһЩ飬һΪ׼Ҿ书ˣҪôǰѶڸңÿγ⣬±ţ⣬ҪôǻԲеļˡ
һһƨƨߵİɽȥ֮󲻸ˣӽʦǸɣʱ룬Լǲǰݴʦˣ
ÿϼһҵʱǧҲҪþԪ飬⻰ҶˣԴӿԪɢЧԺ󣬾;Բá
⾫ԪͺֵĶһÿθ澫ڵʱ򶼻üһҶÿҪԲˣ⡣
׵Ҳеĳۣһǽϵʱҳõ˿ڿ㣬ȻĳʮӵۣҸǸڿʦ˵ֵǮģΪռ׵Ļ۶ʮϾʮѾ㹻һͨ˼һ겻Դˣ
ҲۿһʦֵܾȻΪ׵ĶǶ֣չЩ¿ȦҪģ˵Ϊһʱ¶ˡᡱʦޣҪǸǶģ֪еʦж
Ұףȴû嵽ҵĻǿɺãԺ¿㶼ϴˡ
治壬İ̽׵ıɴȹ£һȣҪñӣһ˵һ̧ͷ׵ķϡ
͡׽Ц׾һռôתͷһۣ漴סʹ֣ʦԺ͸˰ɣվһֱȥġ
˵ţ뿪ҵĻȻ󻺻Լ˴ߡ
ôˣæǰߣһҦף檣ޣҰֻһ˰
Ұ§סͷҵļϣӲҪ˼룬ҦǱȻа취
ô״ҵĻһֱЩ֮£ʧ䣿ͣһ£ַҵĴϣѾѹʦһˣķҪߣʦ
ʵҦǱҲûо԰ܽ˵ֻΪ˰׵Ķѣû뵽ȻСºͿȴǺܾһ㶼ƭ
֪ʵŲµǵѾúСһˣ˵ʲô֮ʵǱԼ⡣
ӡٴΰ̽׵·棬׽סһֻ飬ңΣҶҪȢΪޣǻҪöСҪ
ȴ׽סҵ֣ײ롭˵ţٴ뿪ҵĻ漴һӣžʹˣֻһ䣬ĽżһѾ˷档
⣬ⶼʲôʲôúõôһһ
İɣ
Ȼϼһ⣬һ
ô㶮ر˽İҿǰһֱ氡
ϼһﲻÿɷ̯˫֣պ·ѡ
⻰Լţƾ书Ƕ޿κΡ
˵ɣҷʲôһˮ
ϼһҲȴˮմһЩˮȻϻһԲȦھԲȦ棬ԲȦȴԼģסˡ
ʲô˼һͷˮԼԲȦȴ˵һģԲȦ㻭ģƨ£
ϼһϵûҵͷһ£Ǳ㶮Ǳ
ӿҪץˣæͷӦǣԶԶԣ˵ȴٴΣԼͲֱҵĴˡ
ϼһּ˵ѹ̫ˣмζӣʵǲ֮ˣڵҪҪ㣬۰㣬㶮ϼһ˵ţ棬Ͼף۰ǱȻģȴһν֮ĸоӣˣ㡣
еԺϼһôô۵Ķ
ڲ㣬ȴ벻㣬ΪʲôΪ¼㣬Ѿûеڶڴϰ벻㡣
ϼһﻺ˵ŻһϸĵţҴ˼ʵ޷ǾװҶѡ
ңʵ
֪
ʲô
֪˵֪Ϊְ֪ľô࣬㲻ȥĻ취㡣ϼһ˵ȻˮһˣҾˣ˳ߣܰһ¡
ϼһﲻ˵ԹԵʧˣûʧˣΪѹôߵģֻ˵ʧˡ
ϼһĻ˵װңǵװأû̸֪öԷԼҦҶΪʲôҦᰮҵģֻҽ˼Ѱɣ
һһҦԺǵֲסεӹľҸ߳صղµϡ
еҦŰղһ˵⻰˸оǳ֡
ҦȫѾûһֻղ§ţϵشŴ
㡭ҦҪղµĻȴԼҲܶ
ղºȻЦ¶һŽ׵ݣûʲôΪҦȥʥ֮ǰúõųһĶضѡ˵ţղºȻƿҦȻһ˦ֻһҦѾصĵԼĴϡ
ղ漴һԾľͰϣƫеѹסҦĽ
Ҧ֮ǰѾΪҵĸ߳ڱղصˤһ¸ۻĿѣ˿ûիŵļӣڴϵģֻһ߼ҪļŮ塣
ղЦЦȻȻͷƣһֱҦϵˮ飬󵽴Ǹصʥء
𡭺ܡ
ҦԾĽûԵĸйٴ̼Ȼһȵģʮʥ档
ҦȻ˼漴Լסѵ̧ͷȴǾ˵һĻղ¾ȻͷŽ棬ϵؽţҸǲʱת
ղµֻֽѹסҦԲѩ׵ĴȣȻֻоҦСڿʼղϵĶȴһ㶼ûмͷϹҦеĵطرǸǸ߸߲ĺ춹ÿͷʱҦݺݵزš
ҪҪˡˡҦ·֪߳٣׽һߵıӽҧסԼһ
ղºȻ΢΢̣漴ͷ˳Ҧʥأʱ˿̣ҦѾŢһƬǲл۴ӿֻղ֣̽ҦСϣȻע
ȻֻҦܵش̼һȫҵĳ鴤ǲӿҺ˫۲ϵϷţٿҦʥϣȻһɫҺ壬û
ŮνĳǹɫҺʵǰҺҦĸ߳Ȼ˲ʱ䣬һһɵĻƴڷӿ浣᲻
ղȴµĿһУֻ۲䵽ǽϣϣϣ·𿴵ܺĶһ㣬ϵرźӰƤЦݡ
ʱ䣬Ҧһֱڸ߳״̬ȫ޵ķۺɫ׸߳ʱһһ˫޳ƴشţ·Щղ¿νġء
Ҧӿʼҵĳ鴤ƽ󣬿Ѿֻ̫񾭷ĳ鴤š
аҦšղЦЦôУᱻǵĽɣղߵҦߣ廹ҪӦһ¸߳Ŀа
ҦѾȥˣȵĸۣ߳ҪԼĥ
ҪŤղµ֣ȴԵôͽֻͣղٴΰѹסСһ
ĲɱֻһҦŰѽдṩѾоѿˣϾԼ˾ɷĵҪÿıݣʵǳԲԼɷҪˡ
ʵղŲûôңɷѾ㲻Լÿζò˶þҪ䡣
Ĳһ·һ߹Ϸţ׼ڸתת֪ľߵҦķſڡ
šˡ
ȻСѹţϵĲ᲻֪ʲôҦҦ벻ҲͲסįñС˴
ĲæŲҦķ䣬
ô
ŮˣҦĽдȻеڶŮ˵˭
Ĳæͱһ㴰ֽ澹Ȼ붼ľ
ֻҦѾղ°ڷһϣϹһһ˺ۣеĵطȻιҦӷ·Ѿʧȥ˹ʣֻǼ淢һ
ʲôˣ
ʱ˿̵ղѾһЦվҦߣʱüָֻҦ׽һˡ
Ҧˣ˵ĻҵĳûˣĲɰæͳһ֧Я룬֧ϸֳͷ˿һ㣬ֻĲɰע뵽棬漴һ˦벻ƫеĲղ»ԲβϣȻΪĹϵȻһء
ղ»Ӧֻȫһ飬ιȥǰһӦǣ
ĲûиղµڵϴӶĻᣬһԾ˷汧סղ¡
ĲȽϳõһְֶΣûжҲûʲôѨλֻĲϵעһ˾ԼȫľǱʶʵûˣǱһ¡
ղµΪ˯ʱѾ㹻ˡ
ûιȥҦĲɱղ£䣬ѾصԼķ档
֪˻ʼĩȴҦˣֻ˵ŮҪҦԼ˻
˻Ҳҵæղʩ˼˼ά룬ŷʼղ¡
ʱ˿̵ղ²ûѹֻΪ˿ţԲܱ˿ƶָΪѡ
ϲ̵֪ҦڷҹղɽǵĿֻΪ˿ҦӶУȴղȴ϶Ҧʩշܻ
죬Һ׷ྴʱЩǵľٶֻǾ͡
ⲻΪҪԶףһλʦ̵ģܹݣҪõŮ˵ģ̫ܶǧ˳Ҫʵʱ򱣳־룬С
ȻҾûи׷ǵʦֻ˵һիŮӣҪнһչѣ˭ǲȥɡ
мҪ§סҵʱҶɿˣֻЦЦȻһ£ϻйоصߣûһԽľٶ֪ʵûзµѾܲסˣǰһβ㣬ھȻһˣɣǲԼľٶ˺ҡ
ҵǲÿɷ񣬾°ɣڻǳֵĺʱΪϼһǰѾѵˣҸӿ޼ɵĵõ׵ķġ
嵽ҵϣҵûпܣ§ס
Ȼֶˣݵõӣ֪벻ҵҪģѾˣҪķĶߡ
ţôˣ
ЦЦ׵һֻ֣ĸš
ûԹÿη¶ģҵ뿴Ҫô
˳ưҵ׽סǡǺšþûСûС
׵һ͸ĺƻһɰ󵨵Ҫ󣬿̲סˣʲôͨͨܵ⡣
ôˣûʲôҷſ۾
Ǹ֪ġҡǡ׵۾Ҫܿңȴ֪źãˡ
Ĳӣȴһز˳ƵҵĻ
ҡǺþûǸǸˡߵðȫҵĻ󵨵ҪŮô˼أ
ĸʲôףҲ˼Ц׵֣ҡ
Ҳ˵ˣܻ֪˿úҪγˮһǡþûСûз˵գֽסһûзʼյв֧䣬˵󵨵Ļ
ЦȻĿѾﵽҲˣԭҪǸ˰һΪʲôأ㣡˵ţһѳ׵Ľ漴ɴʣڶʱһ˽һ˵Ľдͽ
ҪΣſϰݣδ԰ζٴαҺԵú㣬Ҳܺ׵ĻﻺľҺ˯˹ȥ
˯ȥӣ㣬ҾѾǰŮˣǵϵİǸϵ֡
ʵ֪һŮˣٱԲǣһܴͳŮԣһŮֻһԭΥ·ͻᱻԼҲᱳһҪģĴ飬ңҲǽԭɷѾ뿪ʵ
ԸңǺǰҵ屻Ǹ˿ǶʲôֱȻ֮Ҳʳ֪ζԺ飬Ψһõģȴ׵ķģ




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ߣʥ׼ھͰɱҪһص
ĲĶղ£еһ֧룬һӣȻεղµָ⴦͸ָףݺݵİղµֶ˵ϡ
Ȱ㻹İɣЩèֻҦǸŻᱻƷĲɵһ˿飬жʮַһˣȻһС
ޣղ³һڴѪҺһ˵ϣһĲɵϣΪʥ̶ңϵĹ٣ʥ̵ˣûһث֣ղ··֪ĲʱɱԼ
ĲɻմϵһЩѪĭüһ˿ɱ⣬ܿͻȥˣŭЦҲɱ㣬ҵǺȤ㽻һˡĲЦЦҦмǸˣã·ֻǸˣа취ղ³Ʒ
ˡĲɰյղ¸ǰ˵֪ϲ̵˶һЩǿļһ㽻ŲʧġĲ˵ţﰵ˵ҦȻг𣬲ǸҦŮ˶շղֻһϲ̵Ĵ˶ѡ
ղƤһߡһԱ۾˵
ĲȻһرˣҲ÷أħ˾ǵˣҦԼгҲԼҹŵ飬ǹڱһ¶⣬Զղ£Ĳû׼ʰҦ
ղ±ܣϲ̾͵ʧȥһӣղֽɫһ㶼һ򲹵ģĲ֪ϲ̲Ϊʧȥղ¶ж෴ǷѽɵøһЩ
һҹ޻
ҦתʱѾǵڶʱ֣˵磬ջǻһƬѹ͵˴Ҫˡ
Ҧϵ飬ϾһƬ̺죬Լʧֱܣڻϲ̵϶ǲʲô³ģĲɼʱȻЩիӾͶԼˣԺ󱻱֪իžȻһССĻϲŪڹ֮УԿĲҲһˣ֪ʲôʲô鲻ȻȫԲԼղ°Լ׽ػϲ̵ġ
򵥵ϴһ£Ҧ߳ţ׼ĴߣմţͼĲɡ
ֻĲޱվڷſڣҦ΢΢ףˣȥ׼ţǶԹˣ˻˯ᣬûн㡣˵գĲת׼ߡ
ҦæסĲɻתϴһ˿ζı顣
Ǹϵ顭
Ҧ˵ȥͱĲɴˣûʲôҲԱ˵ģϢ˵顣
˵գҦش𣬾תˡ
ҦĲɵıӰݸǵ춹ģôҪǿȻ󻺻ĸĲɵĲȥ
ֱƵʱ֣ùţ˻ټһţ顣
ʵ˵аħ֯չƣǳ͢ģ֮ϵ鲻˵㣬رի˵ǵŹһֱϸ񣬲ܸԤͽ࣬Ӱ̫Ҳǳ͢һѱիûıģʱҪƾҹ̸ˡ
͢ĶիķչŶԽħ̵ķչһֻ۱һֻۣ˸ҪúõĸիԿУƫҪ˺ʺ谮ĸɶӣǳ͢ģεж͢Ҳһ·̵ƣǧٱ룬˵Ǿħ̣ҲҪԪ
ħڿ˵£Ͼħţֱ޼ţн̣а۽̣ʮ꣬һֱСɵĻϲ̺ȻðԴݿ֮ڰѸٰа۽ԭȡ֮
ʵħһֱҲажħŴûҪһ˼һЩСС֣һԪԻָǶ̵Ŀ֮Уħһֱ·磬ûйŴ򹷵˼а۽̱ҪΪϲɽȥ˰ɱ˵ǰɱʵǱŮ˾ԪûͷĽȻɢȻһЩصĵֿҲٺͻϲ̿⣬ħ˱Ͳʲô֮ˣ˾ˣǹϵһ˻Ͷϲ̻̣Ҳʲôֵ顣
а۽̵ĻϲҲûмչͼ޼źн̽ãʱɳڵ̽ѧϰһЩ֮Ĺϰõ޼źн̵ΣԴγ㶦֮ơ
ʦŸƻģҪԻϲΪµﳯ͢ΪˣССֶѣˣ߲˵ʧΪһеİ취
ԽȻƺƴ󣬲ʵҪĶֻǻϲ̣Ϊ̸аһֱһĵĹ涨ССֿԣκһҪѶԷ̣Ĵʦλ뵽ֳʱŴԼɽκ˶ò֡
˵ܼ򵥣ĴʦϲµˣҪҵλһһаǷǳѵһ飬粻ա涨Ǿ˵ĴʦˣӲùġ
ϲһΪǱͲԭĽɣ÷涨ĴʦҲûа취ȥǣֻ֮֮
һĴʦλʿλħʿȻаȸȴǲʱ壬ʲôģûνа֣֮һλħŵģɽΪͽߣ˳ơͫһλ϶֣ͬħŵ
ԣͽû֪֪˶ˣһ˫ֶǷκƷܱɱ˵һˮ˵Ѿѧ֮⣬Ϊһˡ
λʦһλҦʦλҦʱѾ켶ĸˣʱħųϵѾȡʮڣիϲУ»Ĵмչ׷󣬲ȴֹˮ֮ˣбҦߵöֻ࣬Ǹ³ΪһԺѣӦѾ70ˣǾ䣬իĹԣڿȥʮ꣬û֪һ70̫š
һλŵʦ壬ŵϲͱ10꣬һֺĽ¡
λʦǲ֮ˣٱȻʵۻҪأֻˣǴҵǵģڸ±ȽѺãԾһɽˮϼһŮ׷ûһֹͣþ˸ֶΣ˵ѾסŮˡ
ǰϲʦĽԼأϲʦѧϰ20꣬ȴûһһѧϰǵϲʦͣû֮ڣ˳Ϊ֮
Ĵʦԭһ㶼һһаĳ֣ʡȥ˵鷳
εжûбܣ;ɷţϲ̵аУԲղ׽סҦ鷢ڻϲѾ޵ղһҹδ飬Ǹǲøܡ
ϼһûǰпվͰɽָҵĹԴ֪ҲҪ𾴵ԺҶǿˣЦһҪһ˰ɱˣ߰ҡꡱˣԩִ򲻹
ϼһҲһˣʱӦθһ˵ҲһˣϲֹϼһģҲʲôöָϹӣ
ţȻ뷨ûУϼһ͵ҵ뷨˽ֻһʶѡ
죬һǸϼһɽҵһķźõúܣһֱûѪеĲףҲоеůůڲͣתţÿչʱһĸоӿţһӾͰƣͳˡ
СӣϼһչԺȥһСɽ֮ǰվһŮˡ
׼ȷ˵һòѷɫҦŮˣֻûҦǰĶѣٷ۵µúܣͦıӣ΢΢üëˮһ۾ǼⳤĶϸϸ촽úȻӦþǴ˵еȻˡ
ҦҲʮˣ̬ȴǱҦ
յͽܣիʥŮĶءٺ٣㿴ĽǡϼһЦŶŮ˽ңȻߡ
Ů˵ıƽիʥŮĶӵʱֻüëһĵ˵ͷ漴ʵիʥŮǲѩ֥Ķ𣿡
ܺҲһԺ󱲵ʺ򣬵ʱҲ֪ҦʦȻϾˣЦҦʦҲի˰ҿǰʥŮչ鴲ˣҪҵ
֮⣬һص˵ͷţףǣ
ϼһﶼŮ˿Ҿ֪书϶ϼһҪõö࣬Ҳòһ㡣
ţʦģĺѣ裬֮ǰʦе֪ѩ֥ĺҪһ㣬ţȻҺܴľϲ˵ţЦЦҵͷĽǺֻܲǲϰһ书ʦѾ̻ķˣһիĹӯʱȻͿϰˡ
˵ţͳһСɾµ飬ҵϣѾΪͽܣһԽأҼصˡ
Ļ䣬ϼһæյĸǰڳһı飬ٺ٣ҵͽܣͽܣҺз֡Ӵ˺ˣҲ˵ˡϼһĻ˵һ룬Ѿײĸһ£æʾⲻ˵ˡ
֮ǰϼһһãѵŮ٣һҲ̫˰ɣŮӦøҳԵİ
⻰ԣҪ˵ҽͽˣЦҲʦ֮䲻ӦзʦҵҪѧŮʦҵҲѧ
գݸЦҸʦʦвͬɣɼȷʵӦɱ֮ˣԺָһ£Ҳý'Ůʦ'ģѾǸ̫ˣĳƺ֡
ʮ̫ˣŮĶԼҲ̫ûˣʮҵŮ˲ζأ
ԣիĹҲիˣҦҲͶʮ꣬ǰ˵Ůǳʮˣգ̫ӻûȤ
ϼһһЦ˵ͽ漴ЦǾ鷳ָˣҪĸ׻ȥһ£Ҫ߸ˣҲãһָ书ʦ֣֮ҦֲڵĻ֮ǲǰǡ
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˵ͷҲãޡ漴ϼһһң͡һЦ˳㿪Цģ߰ɣ£Ҫ˺ͽͱҵʬϹȥ˻֣ʾϼһңһ䡰𡱣˾ȻƮͬҲƮ˰ա
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§ҵˡҵַŵ䣬漴ٶȣŵæ§۾
Ī£ڣˤȥġ˵߽˷۾ҿȻ˲ʮɣ쿴ɽˣҵĽŶˡ
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һ죬Ȼûо£Լ߽ĿȾҲ֪ʲôˣҪŤζ㿪ҵԽŤ͸оԼԽ֣֪ǣϰֻϲ̵Ĺпի
㡭ſһ㣬סˡͨ죬崫ָоԽԽڷе𶯣ʱеҵԼ֮ȥˡ
ǸŮʦҲ֪ҲƲɵôߣҲ°ҹŵ˵ƿһ㣬һʱֺݺݵĶƬм䡣
һӲҪµæ𡭱𶯡ȻҪȥˡס70Ĵûһ˲ˣҪȥС
ڻ˵Ů˸ϼһ˵ĹϵϼһˣΪΪԺɡ
ҵţϲ̵ķ岻ʱ֮ϣò꣬Ҳǽҧأ֪Ů˵һ˿ԶزˣҪ׽У
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֪ʱѾˣҦһŮӦûûбȻôеģӹһ˿ײЦ⣬æ˵ʦˣͽԼҲƲСһľٶʦ޶ˣѽСһˣҼһõĽķ֮䡣
ʧһ˿ֹסµʮɸߣĹˤͺ˫˫ˤһƬСǰ
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Ҳסˣʮ̫ǣģ̫ʲôģȳ˵ˣȻӻĻᣡ
һݣһ˺㣬ԭڸղе컱óʪһƬˣãҵĴ£
¿ӣͦβѵŭȻ˫ּȣһѽ˴糤ȫ˽ȥ
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խ񾶰ҵһ𹦷һ߻鶯ҵıۼزţϲ̵ĹޱȣһĻѾʼ˱ҵҾ֪һεĲɲɣ˫ֺݺݰסǱظϳ鶯žžײڶ
ܿ죬ڻϲ̹Ĵ߶£ұ˵һκĽϣһɵľҺȫӹ桭

һĶȫֽġʥŮĸסѾҪҪģֽ׼̫ˣƻֶģֹֽ赱ֽĶɵư٣ٳٳ빬ƵģӻëбҴԼд٣




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СڣɫһƬҵĳ鶯ţһһɵľҺĻ棬Ҳں֪ĵһܾ
ҵһ˫ƴѹסһ˫ԲʵȣһţѨȻûб˿ѧΪѨȻȻһص˱
ȡʦŮ˵ĴӾԪҵΪżߣҰ˲ĹһֹȡҵڣҰԵĻϲ̹Ѿѹڵիˣ˿ҲҵĶ֡
һֻܾǰ࣬ҪΪȡĴӾԪѣľԪ֮ҦĸΪԼе侫ĹУȻһǿΪڿ⣬лϲ̵ǰֱͲֵһᣬʹȻΪЧķ
侫ϣҷһ˫ȣȻ˫סһ飬ͦε谭ľʹ룬ʱҲſʼȡ֪Ůֻг׵Ĵ
Ұ˹ڻϲ̹¿ʼĻȡȻȲ죬ͨȡЧİ취أϿʼһϸܵ㺹ǻϲ̹ĵطȡͬʱΪԷעһϵһֻ忪ʼһ˫ҰҲǱụ̀еĺ춹߸ߵͦš
šĺ﷢һ˿ͣѾʼξ涯ˣӹҲĲϽʼڳһЩůҺ壬ҵ֮ϡ
ȻҦ׸ȴǺܽʵֱԼȶǳҪǱ˫ȼ䲻֪ǺεȵĿ
һҰ˳漴ϵļѨĿҪѹΪĲ裬Ůѵ²ɣֻ״̬µİҺıϲ̹ա
ң²ڣֻһһ˫ĿĿת䣬屻һ²룬ĸоƹ֮ʹɵüͷǰһ˫һסоԣ˲˹ֻʶһʱġͽȻԼϣ岻ϴĿмûԼʶ˹ȴԼĹȻʧȥ߳ɣʣµͨ˵ӴԷڡ
һҪȴԼһ˫ȱѹסá
㡭Ҫɱ㣡˿̵ɵҲ֪Լ֮ѱ̣իŮֻҪһʧȥӾԪ߳ɱԷڣ٣ԼһȴʱʧȥĴ֮ͷԼһƬհס
ҪǶԷһɽƵѹסԼһܶĿƳԼѨ治ϳ鶯ĳª֮Ķˡ
ǸϮġһڲ٣
ٺ١ʦʵúأôɱأЦ׽һ˫ȣҵ䣬˿̵Ѿƽ죬òˡ
㡭ɱҰɡȥҡסƴҡͷ˿̵ĴԼûа취ֹ˵ļˣɺ޵廹ϴǸĿС
ŤŽʵķΣȴҰסˣ壬ѹһϣĳţһ˫ҪңȴĦûһ˫ȴʵҵ᲻÷
ˡ㡭Ҫɱû˵꣬ѾͶסˣŴͣ׵ľ׽ס࣬ϵ˱ĽҺ
ҵҲûţһֻסķΣһְֻסĺԣܿٵĳ鶯ţֻʮ䣬Ѿ˸߳
½ڵϣ֮ȥڣûӸ߳ĿתпʼʶĽ
šȻѹ֣˶ʵһ߳鶯һ߰鷿߳ϿܣûѹסĽţֻǿвʱһ˫Ŀı
ʦ㿴ͽźĻͽгһͦһ˵㶼ѾҵˣǸϰɣ䣬Һݺݵس鶯˼£漴ڶε侫
ķκȻͦĦҵĽŵڶεܾ
εܾΪҲǰ״̬ЧĺãĴӾԪѾȫˣһҲȡ˰˳ɣֻҪԼܴý콻ϵЧˣ֮ǰ׽õģҵĹѾʦˡ
࣡һ˳һСɫĻҺǸ߳ϣȻڵϻس鴤ţʱŤһ·ΣǷ֡
ȫŸ߳ķۺɫˣ˿̵ѾҵĶˣûз𷴿ͼֻǳ壬Ÿ߳ĿС
ǸϮġһڲ٣
ûһ˿׸壬˴ϣ˫ְס֣ȥ
ʱŷӦƴţһ˫ԲʵĴȲϵҪҵ§ʱ书ֻϸ߳ܿģѾһȡš
ǣ׵ģ»˳ľ˳ʪĵ·ػڣһεĽϣ˲ʱڼ䣬޶ȵեȡȻ»ϲ̵Ĺһô˳Ǿδ忪ʼӦҵȡԵôĿܺͱ
ͷѣҲһӾ˳ңҲ򲻹ңҾͲŮڻϲ̵Ĺ֮»һûС
ЪѾӽʱ֣һΪ߳ιȥֻ˫շҺɫɷˣ֪ѾˣȥģԺݵʱ
û˵ֻĬĬù·ԭıɴȹѾҳãûٴֻôº㡣
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ҴЦ߹ȥ§סʦʲôŮƽ£ղ㲻Ҳֵܿô
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ʵѷɽŵֻͨǲ֪ҪܵĻǷֻܵġ
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ȻҦһĿһ˿ѸĲɶһۣӶԷж벻⣬еһЩҲ춯æߵǰɱ
Ȼǵ춯ԽԽһЩߵѾվסˣһ˲䣬Ȼһ󶴣мٳߣһЩ棬һµ˲䷢һЩ˺ѵһЩѪ
ǰߣ˻ϣѾ˲Щ书ˣĲɺҦʩչṦѸٵԶ󶴡
һߣ˻һ˵ǻϲ̵ݴǻһֶ棬Ȼ˵ڣǸ˾ͻһ˰ʬ⣬Ѫײûԣû㣬ﹷԤı˻ݺݵĿ˺һۣܶ˶Ѿˡ
Ĳ޵У
ʱҦҡͷû㲻û㣬ֻҪǵͷЩܿ죬ҲʹɱǱȽѵġ
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ʥԵɵ϶ûк³ģһֱںղºȻЦݺݵĳͷﵨʥ˰ɣ
޳ܣĲһƹղϣΪǺŭ֣һƾͰղ´˹ȥ
òӵûоʯʹӵĵطһ£㷢֣һһǧʬ壬޵Ĳģ޳ܡ
ҦĲɵĺ󱳣һ£ȻǰͳһСƿӷŵιȥղ¸ǰܿ죬ղ±㱻Ĵ̼ζѬˡ
ɱҰɣʥ꣡ղѹһ¾ǵҦһۣ漴
ĲɴǰһղµСϣĳ죡
ղ²ŭЦѵģ˵ǹЦһȺɵϣͼʥԡ
ĲɸҦֹˣŮ˱ϲϴ̫ˣֱһڽ̿ȷӡ
ͣһº𣿡Ҧһ˫Ŀղ£Ӧ֪ǵʲôˣǳ͢ģʵ˵ǲ֣ϲҲһᱻ͢βͷǰأ
ĲɺܲмҦĻղڽ̿ȷƣƨãǣĲתͷȥˡ
Ҧ˵ǿԷ㣬ֻϣ
ˣЩʼĻ˵̫ˣʥ̵ˣʥ̵ĹЩԻڣɱ
ղ˵գһĭҦϡ
ʱ򣬶˻˹ҦҡҡͷҦϵĭ
Ҧ̾һл˻ĳ˻ס֣˻һ˿ʧʱĲǰѶ˻ˡ
Ҧǲ֪˻⣬ֻһĲɵķԼͶֻ֮飬ް㰮棬Ѿ֪Ǹˣ
ʱѻصʦţѾȥ֪٣æ˴ɨһ᷿ȻԵһţһ˶ڵˡ
ײ֪Һ֮飬Ҳ˵ֻüĿתһ˿⣬ʧȥ֮Ҳе˺Ѱʹֻǰǿѹסѡ
Ůڷڶ˵һЩǰի飬˵һ˼ûУֻͷԣ׵պܺãһٷԵζòոպ˶
νů˼ոڲ֣˵ֻ˶ҪǵոҲô׾ͷŹģѱ̺õߣϴϹҵ
ҵǻԲϣűɴȹ̽ȥ
׵ĽȻһ£Уʼ˲ץסҵ֣ʹ֪ҺѾϵֻʦǰ̫
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Ů̥ҷҲõòˣ˵;ۣȻ󰵰һۣ漴뿪
Ϊ׼ԡȻ뿪ͷ
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ţǾڸ֮ǰѾˡҾ˵ʵǵĹϵѾˣûʲôģҦ飬ҶĺøУҲֻ֪һû˵ǵĹϵѡ
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ˬʦĹ治ǸǵģǱϰ书·ҲûƣֻϿһȴû书ʽԣұҪƴϰ书ʽˣҿԱ߸·
ҹһ׻˯ŻĲ˿ڲס׻Ĵ⣬һ˫޳ʵȸ¶˱ӵ棬׻ҫۡ
ҲٿԼ̲סҪȡ϶ܲסģæ߳䡣
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мͳ׵ڽⶼѾֲˣʱҶȥĽһЩڵǵҵమãǹˣֻԼ֪ѡ
ߵķǰƾڵ֪ϴԺвɵһ˳ԡͼ²ɵʳָ󶯣֮ǰҰһκҲǺܹ񫣬ڸߴβһ£
ŵĴ򿪷ţһʵھֻ͵ɫѡ
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СȻ֪ԼĴһϴ軹һСҵʶһֱ֧磾
̲ס궯һԾڵԡС
ˮһ˲ѹ֪룬һʱһѩźһߵһԡѸٵΧԼϣһҲûţҴ
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ͷ뵽֪õֲŻѳʪĻ鶯
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ϷŸոտʼأеɬ촽ȫ̱ڴϵش˽ȥխѨ档
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һй3ΣŷŹ˼ʡµȥ
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Ҳ̫˰ɣŸոͣһ£ڴȴοԽԽˡ




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Ҧ޵òĽҾ̲סҪˡ
̲סһ¸ողϷйһεûϢôջҪܲסˣ
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˵Ӧǻϲ̵Ĺ˵ɻϲ̵Ĺڣǻϲ̵ĹĪ⣬߽һҪҷһ̫ϧˡ
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ҹһЦ֣æҪѣȴûа취ֻðͷԽԽͣҪ׵زˡ
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㣡Һ㣡ҦĻ˵˼֮ࡣ
ҦгЦ⣬Ҳ§ңЦҶѽˣʱ޿̶㰡ѽĶˣ
ҦŮ֮ģ֪ǳЩʲôţҾĿ˱֮໹ŶеĴŮ㣬ʵ
ǣ㣬Ը⣬Ըҵ𣿡ЩţϾҦҵһø鹥Ʒ²ŮӣӦҪúϧĻ䡣
Ҧһ£漴Թ̾һֻӽˡ
ôأæ˵ĵ书ָǿ㿴ҵĸأ˵ţҵ§Ҧ§ڻ
šҦһСԩң𣡡˵ţŲһӣһ˫˶ޱȵ·ҵ͡
ҲҦ½һֻ̽˽棬˫˼ҹľ顣
СɫǣҦһûֹҵĶǣҵ֣߽棬ҵǶãȻ̺㡣
ҵҲûţ˳ŷ۾һֱҦӣһѾȡˡ
һҦҵĻСɫǣѧôˣ˵մʹĴ֣Ĵ
ҺٺһЦ˫ֱҦĽŵҦһ˫ҵĲӣý㣬иأҦŤ򴲱ȥ
ߵߵߵȻĲɵʦ㣬˯𣿡
ҦŴĿʱתæҵĻûôˣ漴ʾȵرһ¡
ҦŰֻǻ𣬡Ĳɣô˲ȥϹڣҦʲôԹԹҲҪҦģȻĲɵΪˣ֤ϴéĴ嶼֪ҺҦļ顣
ĲôҦôˣʦ㡱
ʱһ֪ĲɵϹȥ飬ҦҲûʱ˵ֻһԹһȥ
ҦҵӰʧˣæһ·첽ȥŴ򿪡
ʦ㣡ĲһҦͺҵһ㣬æҦ֣Ҳɿˡ
ôˣôȥأҦʵ˳һĲɶǰһЩͷ
ҡĲɶһ£һ˯
ҦһΪСɻ䣬Ĳɸովɥ֮ʹܾԵò̫ãΪ
ĲɿҦı飬ɵӣȻ֪Ҧ̫ܲϣԼֻգˣһǻȥɡ˵գתҪ뿪
ҦæĲɵ֣ʦãʰһ´̣°ɣҡһһϴ·
ţĲ¶Цݣ˵ͷҦ
ҦŻ̵ļ϶Ҹǰһĥȥǰһһ¡
¹ҿе£һմл۵£ôիŮ˶ϲԼҵİ
Ů˵һЩĻһʹĺǶ˯ˣŵ׼뿪䡣
׼ŵʱ򣬲ȻĻعͷȴȻ˯ĲɴʱĵĿңĿдһ˿ϷʣһԾ˳ȥ
ǸҡǡûСԵæңôŮ֮ĲɣԸ𱬣ûҦķ棬ڱ书Ҷ
Ĳһν̫ˣҺʦ㣬ţѾûˣ㡣
ҲԣĻʱңҲǡ
Ĳɻһת㵨иʦ㣬ҶȻɱ㣡
ᣬᣬңϲҶ֪ΪʲôԼ˵򲻹ҵġ
ʦ㲻֪ͱŮһ㲻ҪƭңǸ˭Ĳץҵ֣۾ң
ҳǰͺһ֪




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Ĳֻǲ²¶ѣҲûȷʵ֤ݣҼԺȥˡ
Ů̫ΣˣǷƺŷ˵ޣӴŪϴȥӿ϶Ҫ޵
һҹ޻
ڶϣұȥҦģȴ֪յիܺɽȥˣ㣬Żˣֻȥһɡ
Ҳ뿪ˣ˵ǵɽ죬¸³һ֮ǰɽųİ
ðɣȻ˶ڣҲæȥˣֻĵʲôģⲻһãһ֮£ԭǵг̷ô£ʵҾ治ѣ˵ԭĲɵϹˣúѿֲԺ䣬Ҧмˡ
˵׽һϲ̵ʥŮ¿ϲһͷûлỶϲ̹ŮأⲻʥŮ
æѺλãҲʵ棬˵ŮаŵúܣСһ㡣
аţٺ٣ҾаţаŵŮôϰϲ̹
ҵһμղ£ҿʱҾ;ǲԼˣŮϲ̵ʥŮһʥ಻ַϲЩаŵԶŵ˵һ䣬˵իʥŮҲš
˵ʱҾ֪ԼûиˣٲȻһڽ̿ȷӣѾϲ̳ϴˣڱտھǡʥꡱ޽ĹҿֻһɵӣһϵûУҵĿֻ˫ޡ
οղ£˵òһһģ˵ģ縡͹ʵһϵĺð£˼άڻϲ̣˵ǻ£ӵйͬԡ
ˣ֪ǻϲ̵ʥŮңϰǻϲ̵ĹǺβȰȻҺˣ
ղüëһһۣÿɷ񣬷·ҵĻ
ٺ١ЦЦǰȥ⿪ղµͣҺұô
ղ²ǲģֻԼʿ϶ҪģԾƹˤˣ˿ԾԼǻϲ̵ˣֶΪأ
˸̥ϸĴǰŮŶʮңƤܺãԳƵǴƣٳúܾ£һͷҵԺ󣬸Ե˫Ⱥ޳ʵ΢װһ£ò϶ѡʮŮ
ʲôʮŮ˭Ͳܲ˵һˣ֪ҲǺõġ
˵νʮŮаÿ20ѡһΣѾǵˣһһҦի˲űһĵȻѩ֥ˣʲõĳΪʿĿеŮҦֻܹӵڶˡȻǱ˲ûжЩǼȤҲЩͽӵ׷
իʥŮ֣һ㣬Ϊ˺ܵ͵ѩ֥ǰǰƺʩӼƶڣҺܶˣ˵Ҧǰ㳬ףѩ֥ˡ
իŮ˰ǰûеģһիΪȣڶիĹأ˵ʻõҲҪһ㣬ഫڸիŮ˽Ժ󣬶Էϵ߳ɹ͵зڣ˵飬µ˲Ϊ֮أ
ľͲ˵ˣһЩȻòϼѣȴԸիŮԣԹᡣ
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㡭ȻǱ̵ˣôɫޣղһۣе·ȥ
׻ϲ̵ʥŮղ¼ֱϣұΪаʥŮǻŨױȻ󡭷ֿիʥŮ崿Ůӣѹаʤôׯ崿Ůӣϲ̶ãǽ϶Ҫի浱ԵףԿ
ղµǱϴԵ̫Ҫѻϲ̿ʵֻ辶ңʱ˭϶˭ֻһϵʦҲû̹书Ǹϼһޣڹûӣӿɲʦ
δƵʱղ³ˡ
ô˿һҲǷۿ߽ȥҿ϶ỳǲ˱˽ð棡
ŵղȻǣô˵أȫһ̬۵һ٣ϸôƵİ𪼡һ㷢һˮ˵ղŵղ»һʥŮôڵ˵ŮҲΪ
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ղµȺܹ࣬һ覴÷·߰һж赽ǰŮϣΪĹϵղµȺܽʵеԣʮֻˮһɰĽֺͷʱţǿɰ
Ҳһˣһ˫覵ȣ̲סôֲڵĴȥ
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һŮ治ǻϲ̵ʥŮôѵҲһĹǣ
뷨ҺܿͷˣĹǵŮӿ󣬾ΪѾԿˣ۾׾ܿһ˿޵Ĵ⣬֮Ϊһۡ˫Ŀעӹ˺׾ͻˣһӶŮˣҲܱΪ˵ʥŮҪԭ
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ᡭ㡭һ㡭ʹղüͷ˫Ŀգ̲סӣͣϵĶ˫ֻĸȣϣ
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ղûлشңص˵ͷһ˫ѩźعҵıҽţƺƺС
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ʱĴԪģղǻϲ̵ʥŮ˵ǧ谮һ漸кõĹʳﶼᱻãڻϲ̳˽ԺĵһѽξˣԼû֪ͻϲʥŮϵĺôʲô
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ղµĵһҲ̫󿪴ϣһ¾ͿˣҪֻǹ飬ȻѾõˣֺα̫أ
ղһеĳţҰ§ڻ˵һЩŮ˶ϲ黰ظͷĳˣʼƽҵĻĸһ޳ȴҵĽϣһֹֻҵ䣬ʱĶһ¡
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ˡղµķΣȥˣæôãӸö˰ɣ
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ᣡղ´ҿҪظĴ֣ܵ滻·ȥˡ
ҹһЦţɲܱ˿⸱ݣϽһ£Ҵȥס
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ղµһۣףһȥʱɱ㣡
֪˵ЦڶҵĸоְֺޣİɱˣȷˬͬʱҲѹúìܡ
ֻҪҶµ㹦ĳװңⲻһ¡




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ղµСԴһһεģǿɰڵĶĻ
ΪҵСΪҷţɰСԴһһεģǰǰĻζţҵľѾʾˣ׳˸֪⣬ĹҦ֮£ʾõİ취
֪ϲ̵ŮŹԺȻٲ˶ҵһٳͷţĳͷ
ãҵľûдֻҪٺղˮ齻һ㣬Ա˴˵Ĺ档
ŮŶԣҲʥŮҲˣȻΪֹǿڿ˵ҪɱңԼҲ֪ʧȥ˴֮飬ϲ̵Ľ϶׷ŹģٰɽɱֻûȤԾ͸ҡպϡˡ
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ұĿϢ֮ţʵǺ˼֮ʣԶСȻһǿϢ
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һղ࣬һСŮһҵĻ
ղǿģȴ˵ͶϣųѲźòһ𣬶ղ˵ʦҲޱĸָָ߸֣ɵģͼӴףתĨǵŻϲ̵ƨһԵղ²ʱĲҺʦ
Ůղ缺ʵû뵽ղҲһƭԼãʲôԭԵ⣬ңӦԼͽܡ
һֱ˵һʱŰȥ˵Ȼ޸ĵľͱʵĶࡣ
ã⻰øΪ⣬òסĵͷã̵ҳϵͽˣ˵ţְ
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һԵղ̲סЦɺʦԻɸΪ񲯣˵ˣҾ˵ʦõˣ˵գܵ˺ŮӵĻȥ
ŮûĴ֣ȥٸ˽ɽˣ˵ţعͷһۣ˵ǵһ㣬Ҫ˱̵ĵӣȿǴɣΪ֮
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˵ܣָһ׵Ĳ㣬оǰ΢һ£ộû˵ֻ˵һ䵽ʱúܲһ㽻ȥˡ
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׸ʲôױԺôŰҶҪֵסŮˣ˵ˡ
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ԶԶԣ㿴˫ȣҪǱţǱˬˣ
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׽һЦִҵ䣬ʲôûУǸ˵ң˵Щ԰ڿ
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Ǻǡ׽Цֲһޱߵͷ漴ҵƬʪѵʥǰȥ
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˫˫һˬס˫ͦʱȴǱֹˣź㣬𶯡
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ĽҺܿͽеˣҲΪ׼ɵߣ׻û߳ʱѾˡ
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˵ţ׵Ѩĳ鶯Ҫ׳Բˣһ˫ʵزҵ䣬·Ҫҵжһ㣬ͷʶĽ˶סҪȥˡһ㡭
ܵĵطӵ̫ĻˣҺʽĵһνϾｻϣǶر׽״̬ӵ޼ɵ




ڶʮ

ղ²ڣϲ̵ʦҲȣұˣÿҿʱʦŵеΪ׵¶еġᡱҪǹ˼ӹϵȥһˣ
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ʦ֪Һˣ֮̾࣬ҲͬĻڵ书̫ǿ˹ֻᱬæھҪҰֹúںһϣǺƽ
ÿοʦΪ˸۵ͷ󺹵ӣﰵԼûаݴʦΪ˻ϲ̣ڶһǺܺõġ
һǻÿ˹ļ϶ȡôһϢʲôϢȰ⡱ذСġʥذȵȣȻΪϲ̽ЩɧżߣŮֶ֮ܵĪĿУϲǣֹңҲҡ
ΪΪϲһֱϲʲô͸ʲôȣбпк͸߳ҿʱɽô˵ô᲻ƴأ
Ҿ͸ӷˣÿζܲΪȻһʦĶأΪطǺܶŮ˵дϧǣΪǵȻˣϲ̵ĽԼĹܣҲûʸˡ
˼죬ҦͻˣʱիµĽв£Ҳ˵ҦҲûκãΪھֻܿܳԡ
ʹడʹడ
ÿҸʦͻ߸߾ɷһòʧ񣬶ʦֻЦһ䡰Сɫǡͻ䣬ҲǸ߸߾ÿζᷴҲҪԼŪ
õܵܣôʹ˰
Ҧ˹̲סЦǲǺư
ܳԣܿ԰ɣ
ҦĻһ˫ֲʵдĴߣǹ㣬ϴӦҵĺӣΪʹ಻ѣ
ҦȻеΣϴĿпѣ𡭱㡭ܲˡӦ㡭𡭽ʲôӦˡ˵䣬Ҧ벻ôͱҹռ˽ˡ
Ķ䣬Ц˵ģ漴ѨİĦһѾеʪޱˡ
Ҧ˿šӦӦˡҪ䣬Ѿ߳ˣеʣѹҵĿ֮ˡ
ЦЦջ֣Ҫˣھȥ׼
ѾҦ⻰󾪣æҵ֣ڲСҡһû׼á
ոս㲻ǴӦ𣿡ҹί§סҦҲܣһҪȢŵģ
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ǣţҹЦɱ˽ĻˣҿȥҲ
ҦʱǳԲˣҾڳ˶ҵĹҲûʲôİԺҵٳĴŮҲ١
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һִֻҵļȻһѣ䣬Ѿ˲Զݶ
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˵ˣڻʱĲʧȥ˾еһ׵ʱ򣬲ʽΪĻ֮ĹؼڣһУƲţϵĲɾҲ׽Ӧεˡ
ȻܳԵ⣬ҵķ䵹ҲǴɫһƬ
Ҫȥˡ
ʧѩ׵ĽҵŤţ·ҪեȡĿһ㣬ҲǣǶѾһˣǽգĶûȥϵڴϷĽţһĻһĻĶǵĻ
㲻ҪŤôҪˡ׵ľ飬һߵͷȥһĸݿС
ţԲʵĳȻĲҵ䣬ļţĲĥҵĽҺϴƤɽҵ
ܡ䡭һҪ˵ţŤٶȣһУλû˹档
һָ߰ҧһ߷ͦԼ޴ĿһһӿҵԺѩ׷İڶϻζţһ㣬˱ҵ
׷һʧĽ漴̱ҵĻҲһһľҺ˻档
ʱʼǱһֱڷƸ꣬Ѿ˶ٱˣ˲ϵشӶԷȡž޴ĿУһܺùһ㡣
ֵ֮꣬ÿǾ޴ģûҵһϸľÿڷŰͲס·ڶ춼ĳۣʦǶɵӣҺɧζǶֱܷõЩÿ춼մҺĳӵİʹȨӰ㹻һ֮ʳһˣֻð죡ûа취ΪʦŶǹ涨ǰҪϴŻأʱǰͰȥϴʱ֮ǰʲôû˹ܡ
Ǿˣ˵ʦΪûɷ¶ؿįҪҽĽڶԵӶʦŨȤ׵･мУϴ·ĵӶ᲻ðЩ·ó졣




ڶʮ

"ʦʲôʱŻҰ"
һΰʵķϣ˫ֲصϵţͼٴʧܣ˼Ҹ޶ԡ
ʹĴ֣ͷҲأû˵"ûõͽΪʦ޷Ϊʦηİӽ㣡ȥϿٶ鱾ŵķ"
˵գλŤ˼£·ʾһ㣬漴һٳֵʱѾڼʮ׿ˡ
ãʱǳԲˡ
йţһЩĵĽĿ""ǿǵÿĸʱϢġ
ĲָһЩӣĸı˺ܶ࣬˶ˣǰЦҲһЩ˵Ц߹ԶԶظҴкȻСŹ
УֿѣҦ˶٣ѹȻҪúúһ¡
ҵҪĲŪ֣ô᲻أȻ߲Ůˣûһÿ춼ˬһѡ涨׸Һϻָ̫࣬׻ϻϲ֡
""Ĳҵ֣һ硣
Ǽÿ춼棬ȻõĻᣬΪڼû˻̸ġ
"쾫񲻴"ĲЦЦһ˫ֱ޳˿ʵĳȹȣޱȡ
òջȵĿ⣬ƤЦⲻЦĸһЩճ飬ɵİԡ
Ȼǲ˵"Ĳɣ㻹ǵö˻"
ǺҪһ˵ĲѾȥɷ򣬶޶ԵĻôƻѾɹһˡ
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æסĲôŵ֣˵"û£ǵһѶѣ˲ϡ棬ľګúܡ"
ĲƶǶĿң漴˵ͷȻֱţʱߺҪֳʱȴԭԼȫҴˡ
Ĳæֱһ""վܵԶӵıȥˡ
"֮ܲҵĻ"
Ϣĳҵûκα顣
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ƺϰҵĺƤʹûг֣"ҪףիʥŮõ֣ͱţǸҺúķҸоϵе£"
˵գǵȥ
·ϣ漴һԾһûô£Ѿҵǰˡ
"۾ǰһ𹦷"˵ţ漴ʮָţԼڹڵ
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ĵɣȷʵֻкúܱ
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ڸոһƬȣҼˬýгˣôĵһΡ
"ʦˬ"׻˵"òĲõ"ΪһֱֻܿܳԣҶʵģȻò׺ãһðɣȻа̣Ȼ飬ʵѾˬˡ
̲סһֻ̽ɴȹ棬һƬȣ˿ʵ¶㺹ʪһ˫˶֮ϡ
""һ£ûİһۣ漴ջ֡
ѽұ֮İ
һ̣Ҿ˷ˣȻֽ⿪˰µɴȹ¶ɫ˿ʶǶڶǶ·һ""֣ĺÿ
"ʦܲܡ"
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ˣ˼Ѿ˵˲֮ܲѾòˣҪֻжѡ
ļãʮ㣬һͺԺ󣬻ȵľȫˡ
"ʦ"֣мĿ"ͽʵ̫ˣͽҪ"
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·ˣѹشҵ⣬ÿζǽЦشҵ֣Ҳ⡣
"ڻ˺ܶ࣬׽ϵ"
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"ʦһʵ޷ңѾȥˣҲһΡ"
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ڵĲٳһߣĲڰＸʦڿСΪǵǱʱȽϺãĲָǵʱҲǷϸ
λվӳȤһķ羰ߡ׸߹ţͶ㶼ɢηͰĽʡĲǲѣʴ󷽣رԸıԺһ׵ҲתƵĲɵİĽ֮С
µĶǣߵҵߡ
ϲ̹Ů˾ǲһرҲҪݷŮˣȻֻһβԶľ룬ߵñϷ̨ϵĻҪÿһ˫޳ʵȱѩ׵ɴȹţÿһô룬Ļ֮Ҳ̲סҪѹڶӰѳֲס
""ӭȥȻֱۣȻЦ"ӣҵĺӣ㿴㣬ǵĵˡ"
׵ϰǵĿһɫһ˿Ц⣬ҲûҺӣֻǵЦ"ոոʦȥϵζô"˵漴һ죬·һŮһ㡣
Ц"Բܹ񫰡˭ҪҸšףôŲζ"һ˵һԼֱۡ
""һЦ"ЩζңŮ˵ıӿǺŶҡ"׶һ£ȻЦָָԼͣ"ҲԹ٣˵أ"
ǹ˵ӼҾҪƵǣ϶ڸŵģҪҲܾܿҪͷ
"ң֪ҵ"ǿִԲʵķεĳ嶯װŶݺݵ˵
˿"б£˼Ұ"˵գ־Ȼ񲻾ɨҵȻûһң·˵"ʦ϶ڸҿô۸ң"
ողűͷ˵˲ֱȼŸ굽ʱ֣벻׾Ȼôˡ
Ϊֻ֣ˣһνϵʱȻҪ֪ҵ
ɵĹţڵйµǱÿҰѹȵľͷųˣֻвʱĲɺҦӲûйôǣĲܻӭԸҺǿգҦǲѰ죬һǿڲܶϵղ¸ǱŮ˵Ƕ࣬ܳԵһûС
Ϣ촫ˡ
йϵһŮڻǻˣ
ǰ˵ɽһȥͲһ£ոչϵ˰
һˣһаţһ϶ǲԸģ˵Ϊ֮ϣҲֻʱܿǰ˼֧ܷңͰգǰҲܿ
"ʦأ"һЦٴͦε
һ죬""һ"ûûСļһŵϷʦʦڵӣúС"˵ţҵͷ"סʦĻֻڹ涨Ӹ׽ϣڴһܹؼʱڣҪзӰԺӵġ"
"ʦʲôʱ"ҳûץס֡
"ɣΪʦʱիӴΪ֮ǾǶԵΪʦˡ"˵գûİһۣҵĿ棬"ΪʦΨһܽġ"
һ˵һŪҵҰѻȵľ䵽Ժųһܿ뿪ˡ
ЩᣬȻʦϼһͲ֪ȥˣʵ˵ҲûôʦΪ¯ҽţҲû̹ʲôֻҹ֮࣬ػÿζ۵ȫ󺹣ĸмġ
뷨ҲûάֶãϾҲˣҲ˵ҵĽڿԽˣ
ԺҦ֪իĵ˵Щʲôʵҿ޷ǾǸϴϴӣһЩ˼άѣҪҰǶԺ󣬿϶ðիĹضĹ㲻ûøϲ̺ϲ

ˡ
һ²Ƥϸ˺֪ܶ࣬ⶼիͻϲ̵ķϲŻģ߹ļһ
ͿĿתĶԼˣֻװûѣҲɫ˵ʱ˵üΡ
ϲ̹Ůˣôܰѵأ
ò׵Ҧȵӷֿ䵥æߵߡ
"ʦ"
ƺһ漴һ죬ǿװһתͷ""˵Ŀձ弸һûеõ¶ںܶҹÿԼȥ⣬ʵܵúܡ
ҹЦߵߣǲɨָ֣ʹָܿſˡ
"ٺ٣ʦͽЩϵ⣬Ҫֽһ֪ʦڷ㲻"
Ͷһְ"ʦڡڣȿȣϰɣԺʦķ䣬ĹʦĽȰɡ"˵һ㣬Ŀתţ±˷ǵļ顣
"ϣ"ҺٺһЦֲʵزһ£ߵ츾
֪Һļ飬ʱ̲סȤ"һʦˣһʦȴֻˣѽ޸治ǳ"Լ˵궼̲סЦ
֦Ҳҵ̲סڵȼٿԶʱרĵĶԸǰһزˣŵӾһʳ˼̻Ůһֲ˼Ҷ˵ҪܸիŮ˹һɽٻʮ궼Ⱑ
·оҵĿ⣬Ľһ£ĿͶȴǺܿƿĿ⣬ǽߵı龡ҵ۵ףæ¶Ըǰزˡ
׿ǵ̲סЦ"ǡǵģĿͱüĿϽѷطȥ˼Ҷܲˡ"˵գǽҿ˹÷ֵÿջȥˡ
ֵĶȴע⣬Ȼֻһ˲䣬Ů˵ֱǺֲܿģȻͨŮˡ
"ףһ̲סʰģ"ȫûзĿ⣬ȫעѾתƵߵ츾ȥˡ
ЦЦûĿȴĿڰ




ʮ

ŮͬţĿٻеսζʵҪףԴĶ˳Ժ󣬶ԼŮ˾е⣬ʦҲû齲
һ죬Ŀ֮лȰרĵͷԸԼǰķˡ
ͶһĿ⣬Ů˵̬ĵĶҲ˼ҫҸͶȥһûĿ⣬ҲܸǸһǶǸ͸Ȥ

һѹֵĽķ洫浽ɢ·ɫһƬ
"ʦһ²Ѿô"
ʵԲȱұֱڿڼϣ˵ļ϶ҲûţǳһĸĴˮѾ»Ĵȫʪˡ
ȻҲǾÿѣûϾһһûһ˿׸ķҵĳ鶯ҲǲϵǰڶţҧԼ´ͼԼ
Ȼ岻ףڻϲ̵Ĺ˵Ҳһɶõ¯ΪիĹҹȻӣȡ˴Ϊӻڣ˿ûӰ˫޵Ч
"ҪҪ쵽ˡˡһ㡭"ĽҶߴгӣҽȥڻûյʱء
"ʦͣһ¡"
ͣ˳壬ȣ"㻹ô쵽ûתء"
Ҫô͵߳Ļε˫޾˷ˡ
"ҡҪҪͣ"ͼڶķŪҵκαҰסܵóѡ
ҷӣΣ"ٺ٣ʦƨ̧һԣúãŶ"·һͳҵ»صڡ
ҡϸ֫ӹҵҧţ·ҪԽһ
һְֻ֫һֻΣ·һ㣬ֻһֻĸ
ҿİڶһֱûﵽ߳Ҫ޳ˡ
"ôôҡҡ"㷢ңȫ¶Ǹ߳ǰϦķۺ죬ôŬʼûдﵽ߳
"ʦȥ"
ʵ⻰Ƕ࣬һûжٴθҵŮзʱġ
"ҡȥҪҪˡˡ"
Ҳѹֲסһ߿Ľһɹ̵˳ҵ֮ϡ
Цô侫ոǻֻѡ
ø߳ҵĻŭͦȻͣڣӹ档
ߵû̧ͷңû뵽Լؼʮ꣬һֱװ׵ӱԺУȻҲлϲ̹Ĺ档
ܵԼڵĻȣǰһڣɢŷ㷢òҵıǼ⡣
"ʦ"һֻ񱳣һ̵ʱ⡣
"š"һĻӦ
ҺȻҧһĶ䣬""
вѵҪйһ˫ֽĿҵĺ󱳣Ȼûлش𣬲һĵ˵ͷȻҡԼβǻشҵ⡣
"ã"ҿһЦһֻѩźۣҵϣ"ҪĻʦҪԼˡ"
ߣƤһʦһʦеùǶˣڸǰڳһȡƣߵͨ죬ͷҵļϣ"𡭱ʦұҡһ㡭"
Ҿǵ仰ȻҶĵֽһʼ֮ʦͽĹϵˣҳΪĻ֮
"ñҸɵ"
Ϊҷ֫ͦţÿһ¶ĸɽӹ棬֦Ҳղܡ
"ˡҪˡ"ȫҵϣ²ϵͦš
ҵҲûţһֻ֫һֻʹĽء֮ϣĹš
"ҪҪˡˡҪˡ"ϲţͼҵĻ֣û뵽طҲԱ
ҹһЦſ֣һʱ벻ҾȻָڴմһոĻۣ»صľѨ֮ϡ
һ󻬼ԺҵָɵľܽȥľѨ棬֮š
"ҪﲻԵġԡ"̲סеľŽؼţǰѨҷͦȴԽԽƲסҪ߳ˡ
"࡭ˡ"˵ȴҵͷһĶ˲ȫڶεĸ߳ˡ
ȫҵϣһҲ붯ҵǻµŪľѨӹŪɨھŵɨš
"Ҫﲻܵġ"޹ǵҪֹʹĴ֣ɸŲ֡
"綼Ҫҵģѵ㲻"Цɿ֣תʳָͷ
""Ĳţ"ѽԵġôô"˵˵ȥˡ
츾Ϊϵҵúúøһ²С
"ñҵģ춼ҵģ˭Ҳܰߡ"Σѩ׵˲䷺һĳ졣
""һĿİһۣ"ԵҪҲˡ"
·ѹϼ"ҾǰԵˣô"һ߸ţһĺ顣
"ˡġҪˡ"
տϴһһѹֵĽһûͣ
ûпľѨڲʱ˼άû׵Ŀţúһʱĵ̲Уڻãÿ춼ʦţҵĻỹǺܶġ
һϵĿɢ޿ɵֵüĿת䲻ʱ¶һ˿˿⡣
һᣬ׿Һ͵͵ﵽ棬֪ǿ϶ָˣ̾һ׼ޡ
ôշת˯ţ·ǱѹֵĽϴԶԼĶߣֻ֪ԼĻþ̲סһֻ̽Լ
峿ʱ֣͵͵طʱ򿴵΢Ĵӷ߳·еңɫģһʪ£㣬Ӧ׼ȥϴ
ǡ˻ǸӰɣûǰתط䲹ȥˡ
һ˯ͣʱδʱˣһϵ˫޲ûҵ½ΪĲͣתпҪͻƵļˣҪĻ϶ܸ˵ġ
˶ʦȥأˡ
ϴϣԹ֪緹緹߳˷䣬ǡ·Ĳɡ
"㣬ȥģ"Ĳɵ֣µĸ
Ĳɵֱôһ΢죬µӣǻص"ȥٳǱأôô"
ŶһСٳģٳĻϼݽʲôġ
"ȥǱ߸ʲô״"ҸĲߣϸϸϲͬķ㡣
Ĳɵ˵ͷ"£׺ʦ涼ϹȥˣҲǸշϵĹ׼ȥ"
"£"֮ǰһЩ߰а̸ʦżɹòװһӣв۵ˣ
Ҳû˸Ĳг˼ˣһһĺٳԶˡ
"ʲôʱ˼µˣ"
һ󲻻ĺЦӴٳǱߴ
Զܿʮʮִ彣վ׺ڵӶ棬мʮߵĿռ䡣
"ʲô״"һֵĵӣʵ
ǵӿˬţ뱻һѣ뷢ǿԺæһ"ʦ㰡ģһЩʦǰĳңȺף侮ʯոǸΪ׵Ļǵһأ"
˵գָָվڶ֮׵һһɫ·ӣǸոմǸ
Ϊǰȫʢʱڵɣ˵ˡ
ԺΪֻʣǰɶһ㣬϶ӵĶ֣ټ׹ǿ˼վʮʮΪڶŮ""أƲ˼Űġ
ô죿ҵĹҦֲڣǼĲҲԼúʦĹ˲źڣ
ʦ԰ʦҼ֧ģ˵ͿǰԿġ
ǣôأĲˣҪû˻ʲô
æ뿪ٳ벻ԶСٳųЯŵֻ"ž"һˣʲôûûУѵʪˣ
æͳڶ֧׼ʱֻ߷΢죬һֻ־ʹҵļˡ
"ʲô£"
һϤŮҶ𣬲ûͷҲ֪ˡ
"ʦ"ҽĽͷǰǵͽһݺݵϤζ˼ˡ
"𿪣"ңüһ"˵ʲô£"
ѹ˵춼ܿǸȻҲ֪ǿ϶ҵΪġ
"ˣ"־ٳȥ"ʦˣҴ򲻹ǣԾʦˣ"
û˦ҵ֣"ʦŵʲô£ҲʿʲôѵʱȻ֣˵Ҳܡ"˵վҪȥ
"ʦ"æס"ҵףһʦﰡѽ֪ǵĹϵİ"
վֱӣЦЦĿң"֪ǹʲô£"
ѿڶ"Ȱի뻶ϲ̰˵ز¶"
"ʲô"ŵһֻԼͣ漴Ц"СӱŪңիЩ͢ӥȮϲ뻶ϲ̣Ц"
"ҲǺİ"˵ٳȥ"µٸͣҵˣҲǣѽ"
ҵͶһ£ûĵһۣ"ʲôҲǣ"
ҺٺһЦ§֫"ڲǣڲǣǣѽʦôвУ"
һۣ"ãҪǱҷŪңҿ϶Ҫÿ"
"У"æٳ
"һǣô"
Ϊ׵ӻû˵ֻ꣬΢˲Ѿǰøͼӵɿȥ漴ײʮɽ֮ϣعİ˽ȥѪϴ߿ۼѾˡ
˲ľŤת˶ϲųֵһŮӣκʧľٶ
"ʲô£ǵģ˼ҵĶ䰲һС"ĵ³һ䣬·ԼŸոյԣȷʵǸոյ
"ʸ¸մ"һУ𾴵Ķ˹֡
׿ݵһңгͻ
˰֣ûлشĻüһĿ֮˶Ҹӡ
ǿƣ
"Լһ"
ǲ书˶ܿóոѹûзѾѾǸɱˣû˸һشĻԼû˵͸Ǽһһù
"Уû˼"û˴𻰣ǰһԼȫȫչǰ
ĽڳһеӶ˿ˮ
Ůͦаģ˼ΪԼǰΣлĻǱ˵ģ"лǰ"
"ס"Ļ"㲻ʶңҿʶ㣬ҿɱἸʮ꣡"
ȻŮеĻ⡣
ߣȻΪĹϵӸĿʮͷȴһʮŮˣһӾʹԼʹˣҪߡ
׳곡֪ĿģѾˣ϶ûе͵ľ档
û˵ּ˵"Ҹȫһϰɣ˷ʱˡ"
˸ϰƾȫһҲ˼һеģοôĵӡ
"ûϰ"""һ"ûôֵˡ"˵ջعͷŽĿǸ˵"ԺЩ鷳㲻Ҫңʱܱģ"
˳ЩӼ޵ˣû취ƱǿοͷµĶѾһغغˣԼûи˼ҽаıǮˣݻҷˣ彣ͻĹɽ
""ڵӿΣ̲סƣųݵĿ⿴ҪڳǶ̲סҪڰΪʦˡ
ʱһԹĿ޵ͶҵϣֻĵĿң˼Թİ˳ɹ£ҪһһʹԼŮæ
ãƽǲĴˡ
Դûٿһֻۣǵ˵˼Ժһ֪ȥˡ
֮ǰһ""еֲúúի뻶ϲ̵ˡ
ĳֱǴ񣬷··һһ־ʹˣ޲ɷ书ǿһ㶼իŮѷɫ
ɢȥҸһţĽţظǱЩ˴̼ˡ
ҽ֣˵һЩοĻʾԼû£ԹԵ߻طȥˡ
ܸое֣ȻǱˣҪԺһЩĺݽɫأУһҪڼУϾԼİ˳ɹҪǺúĻһˣôһõĻ㶼ܳΪλŮ˵ˡ




ʮһ

ϸġ͡Ȼһ޵Ϸݣ赼µĹÿ޵Ŀ⡣Ҳ⣬ǰȫľĺ֮ϲսᡣ
ˬĵڶ죬ҪĲϵһ¸顣֪еɽ²ͷȥˡȷھô׾ͱһȺƤ£ʦŵķ߿϶ҪǿˣĲɵ岼һָģȻ
ڴٳû׵ӰָֻʦϰһЩĲϺģʽµɫЩ΢죬ظţԲβʱһЩŤţǿʦһصĺ
ĿתĶˣĿת䲻İһۣû취ϱڡ˼ʱȻޣͷԺ۵õͷ˯ȫ˵ŷĳŵܲǵأ
ãϢһ£ʱԺѧϰϢС
αҴһƣ漴ɢȻĿת򷿼俴ȥʲôû˵Ƶ뿪
̿úÿһǵʵոտһ֣իĵϢͶϲ̵ĹԶȴ֮ͬͷȥ̽һ¿ڷ磬߽ܲܽһ
ķǰ˼£漴˭
ҹɳƵ˵ߣիͷˣ
漴һЦ𣬡Ҫ㣡ϿѧЩõģ
ֻ޷ԶĴˣҽȥԺԶϡ
ڲӰиӰ漴𣬡ڻ·Եһ¡̫ȣһʱԺѾ㺹ˡ
ȻߵԱߣֻڰ·һһÿһһ׵ҫ۵չҵǰͦεĺͽʵ޳ĴȻεһѣ
̧ͷңûڣĿһתԲΣǱӹյϺޱչҵǰ̲ס̽ȥһѣǵ˶һ
࣡ͻռ˼ұˣҪ
ҵĴ̽ڣѾһƬŢ˫ļҵĴ֣ʹĿռ䡣
Ѿ̲סˣǺǣͽλ˶Ҫõҡ
ҺٺһЦǰһסһֻ鲻һֻ̽ǿŢһƬѨϹе塣
͸㣡һᱡ˼ңΪʦΪʦˡҵĽţһ˲Ѿﵽ۷壬漴ҵŤ
˳Ƴȣڻ򷿼ڵĴȥհڴ׼ǹֻ߷һԼʮ磬Բε£ľƵĽ
ǵȲ˵ĳңԼýҪˣЦѽŵŢѨǰµİڶţʱƬСɵĻ꣬˽ȥ
ߣ棬һֻҪʹĶⶫ˼ҵģ֪ĸŮ֮˼ҡ˼һ϶ûԽԽСѾ÷·Եγˮ
ӦĲɵİɣ룬ûлشϵĶȴûͣýеĵطǵôˮѴʪһƬ
ͻᡭͻ۸˼ңŪˡܡҡ˿޳˫Ѿȫ򿪣ɽ˫֮Ľš
ҹһЦνһֵǧ𡣸οոտ˵һʱԺ󼯺ϵģҲ˵ֻдʱϷʱ䣬Ȼýˡ
ǣҰе϶ȥ漴ͳǴϣ׼˫ȼǸ궴һӾͲ嵽ˡ
ǡһ㡭˫§ҵ޳ʵȲĦҵĴȣʾ
һȵ¶ȣȻû׵ĿУҲһŮ˿ģҿʼСȵĳ鶯ÿһεĳ嶼һ˿ճҺ
ͨ죬㺹ҺճҵϣճһˬӦþիͻϲ߹ϵˡ
漴ʩչŹİµҵĿھǶ֮ͷŵףһޱȵˬо
ҳ˫ȣǹɵķҵļϣȵĳѨΪ˳ɵĹ֮˫޸Ĭޱȣҵÿһϵ޷죬ӹһһͷһЩڵĹøӾ
ԲγҵһһյʱѾˡ
ʦڵĹ־ˣǵ˫Ч١һԲβһЦţ벻һȻָ߳ˡ
ȫ㺹죬ĸоѾ˵ˣֻǲ϶Ÿոո߳塣
Ұ§ڻһǿҵĳ鶯һһĿгǰŵԴһԺҵİɸֲͬ״вٵ
һ㡭ᡭ˼ұ㡭СԩҡŪˡˡ˼ҡ˼Ҫȥˡʮ£ֱ͵߳ˣЩýòĿһӾͷ˳Եޱ㡣
Ұʾ̧Σҵײһ˫޳ʵȽҵ䣬Ҳûпѳ֣ڰһֵĸ߳Ժ𹦷Ѿͽڣһ˫ޡ
Ȼϲ̵Ĺիڹǻϵģÿֹ˫޵ʱܵõ벻Чһʲôǻ֮ϵġ
޹ǵڴϣ˿Сԩң˼ҿ챻ŪˣȻôأȴҵĺ󱳻ȦȦ
һЦʦȰ㲻ҪˣȻȻץסʹ֣ҵľ֮ϣҪģ˵ϣͽٸһ
ˣߣһգһŤѾƮȻ뿪˴ϣתۼѾ·Ͼȸ߳ĺ˭ҲղڴĵʩΪ
ȥ˸µĴй䣬ɽȥĲϵһ¸飬ԸҲҪɧֻ׵ķȥΣλҲڷڣָӰɡ
ȥһ¸ոյõĴû뵽߳ԶͿһЦĶңұë
ʦߵǰֻǰһһʹתۼѾȥˣҲ֪ĺ¡
ִҵ֮ϣʱţ漴˵ͷȻ˫޵ò̫󣬲Ĺ˫޻ԾڲڹҲеĺô
ҺٺһЦһֻҪʹȻȫעΪҰ󣬡ǰһ㿴ô㡣漴һ飬˲ܿƵ
ո˫ΪʦʹһҵͷСӻˮȥȥȥΪʦĿھһ飬һЩҵɢȥ
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һ漴˫ְҵ̫ѨһؿڵǵˮΣڵһӣԺڵﴦ
ҵ˵ͷ漴ķԸǣʼ˳ǹ˲һЩҵԽԽ죬һ֮Ѿ죬ôץס
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ȻҲǶ鲻ѣһڣ漴ˮֻŨһѩ׵ҫ۵壬з··һҵǰѾǲö˵һͦθʵѩӳ漴м̺ĵ׺ӯӯһյԲκ޳ʵȣ·һµƷһ㣬ӻ߳ˡ
ҲǿˣΪʲô˵ģ⸱֪ˣһˣ֮䣬ֵ壬˴ߡ
׿ҵӲȻһЦһЦ·ǣ֮㴺ɫ̺춼ΪЦȻʧɫˡ
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׿ҽضԼ壬΢죬
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һ鲨˵׷֮䣬ǰѾҵĻʩΪˣͦθʵĺҵĴ֮任Ÿָ״̺߸͹𣬶ԽŨʾŻѶ鲻ѣİˡ
Ŷ׵һֲֻ֪ʲôʱѾҵ⿪쵽ȻҵľŪţǵһˬ
ŮΪôʰ㡣ҴὫױߣڴϣ漴ӽ⿪Ѹ߸߾ľ˲䵯˳
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ֹ˰ҵʱ䣬ɫѾˣһߣֹ֮ͣһ˿˿ͷİٻѨɢʵΪһ˿ϼ
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벻իߣȴҲ͵֮£ŷϡ
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ʲô⣡һⶼΪСӺãҪȻȥ˫Ч϶ûôãϻϽģ
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ʱˣҰڵָ˳һֱֻһȣһֻŰһֿͦεѾ˳ʪ뵽˵ڡ
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ѾľͰ˵һθ߳պùҲ죬ϵȫ˹øոϰõĹٵš
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ˡŶΪʦҪҪˡ㡭㡱
ƣ˵һƣڡУ᲻ҡѽʲô
ԶĽһ˸߹һˣٴԼԺȻʧط˰ۣǲΪǿҵĿжƲסҺڵĴθ߳ԺȻ˹ȥ




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̫࣬ݺúòңûжȥˡ


ʲףΪڵĹû׵ľҸ˫޵ӻǱȽ϶ֱ̣һ˵Ĺ󲿷ֶʧԸ߳һΪṩĹԶ׵ĺãһȱģڵĹҵ˫ѹôϸ˫ˡ
ʲʺϸĸ߳ڸĴԺұϢˣҲ٣ǻࡣ
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˵˵ߵüͷǰˣ漴Ϊ˭˵һǶӵģҲŮأϲŮӡ
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㣬һЩϷĵģ㳢
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ߣһûֹҵʹøҿԸһ̵ɢֻΪһλģھһŰֽдʲôȥԣ㲻ܸһŰֽ˫޵ġ
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ţҦְסʾȲҪðβŶ˵ȥ˵ǵп»ˣ׼ȥʦ
ҵ˵ͷûϸʣæܳţҲȥףȻҲ֪ʲô飬ҴĵҵķӦû顣ҲˣǻǾ̸˰ɡ
ʦʦ
˵Ҫ徲Ҫסʦ棬ķںɽһһéʵֻ֪ǲϲʿʲôѡ
ڷ棬֪ȥˣƽʱָϲıǶڲԶһСϪ㣬ƫƫϲ˹ôһ͹һӵСϪ棬ûҲںͼ档
ȻøСϪԱߵˣҵĽŲԶʾͣϹһˮﹳһְСȻɿ㹳°ӻȥСϪ档
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ҸͿڴȻոżҦյˣֻڨЦǸҦյˡ
ţ¶һܲƵĿ⣬ҦȻ󵭵ĻعȥҪ㣬ǵԼɣҪ'е'ǳǵѴˣȥȥ漴ǸͿˮ
Ǹʦǰ½ǣҪ֪ʦľˣ룬ҪȺʿȹΣ飬Ժի뻶ϲ̵£°빦˵԰ɣ
һǸͣ˵ҲеȥεʲôˣҦôšߣ·
Ȼ׳ʥ棬̬൱ģȻˣҲһڣǲδĿΪԼһϣҲϵġ
ǰ棬Ҫʱٳ֣ҲУһѸߡ
ʦס
ֻһն˵
صʦţֻû쳣Ҳæȥ֪ͨףûҦӰ
ʱҦҴҴ䳡ʾҸȽȥ˵Ȼû˯ѾͱҦˣһ߳ϻûȥĿҸ׶ӡ


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